不同肥料结构对棉田氮素去向的研究  

Effect of Different Fertilizer Structure on Fate of Nitrogen in Cotton Field

作　　者：张美良[1] 彭齐东[1] 嵇素霞 王芳[1] 王世伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室,农业部双季稻生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室江西农业大学农学院,南昌330045 [2]天津市千叶生物有限公司,天津300052

出　　处：《江西棉花》2009年第1期15-19,共5页Jiangxi Cottons

基　　金：农业部植物营养学重点开放实验室基金资助项目;江西省自然科学基金资助项目(983001)

摘　　要：在等氮、磷、钾条件下，应用^15N示黥的方法研究了盆栽条件下不同肥料结构对棉花的生物学效应度氮素去向的影响。所得主要蛄果如下：（1）与单施化肥相比，绿肥＋沼肥＋化肥配施有利于氮向生殖器官转移，增产效果较好，绿肥＋化肥配施效果次之。（2）有机无机肥配施吸收的土壤氮和肥料氮明显大于单施化肥。棉株生育前期对土壤氮的依赖性较高。后期对肥料氮的依赖性较高，不同时期施氮对各器官的贡献率也说明重施化肥作花铃肥的重要性。（3）有机无机肥配施肥料氯在土壤中的残留量为单施化肥的1．48-1．67和3．12-3．52倍。而损失量后者为前者的1．18-1．24和2．51-2．62倍,其生态效益十分明显。under an equal N P and K level, The 15N- labled technique was used to inverstigate the effects of different fertilizing structures on cotton yield and on the fate of nitrogen in cotton field by means of pot culture . The result were as follows ： （ 1 ） As compared with only chemical fertilizer application , The combined application of green manure and biogas fertilizer and chemical fertilizer was beneficial for nitrogen to shift to reproductive organs and for the yield of cotton to increase . The effect of combined application of green manure and biogas fertilizer came second. （2） The absorption rate of soil N in the combined application treatment was obviously higher than that in the only chemical fertilizer treatment . During the former growing stage of cotton , the plant was more dependent on soil N, while more dependent on fertilizer N during the later growing stages. The contribution rate of applying N fertilizer to various organs during different growing stages. （3） Fertilizer N remaining in soil under the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer was 1.48 - 1.67and 3.12 - 3.52 times more than that of only chemical fertilization , and the loss of soil N was 1.18 - 1.24 and 2.51 - 2.62 times less than that of the later . it is ecological benefit was obvious.

关 键 词：有机无机肥配施 棉田生态系统 15N示踪 氮素去向 

分 类 号：S562.062[农业科学—作物学]