六盘山4种类型森林群落天然更新初探  

Regeneration of Four Types Forest Communities in Liupan Mountains

作　　者：金红喜[1,2] 杨占彪[1] 袁彩霞 何小琴[4] 王刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学干旱与草地生态教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃民勤733000 [3]固原市六盘山国营林业局,宁夏固原756401 [4]甘肃省林业调查规划院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2009年第1期93-97,135,共6页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2002CB111500);甘肃沙漠综合治理科技创新团队和荒漠区优质樟子松苗木培育及农防林营造技术示范(05EFN216200292)

摘　　要：本文调查了六盘山国家自然保护区内阔叶林、油松林、华山松林和华北落叶松林内天然更新状况,分析了林型、林分胸高断面积和坡向对乔木幼苗密度、幼苗多样性、幼苗丰富度的影响。结果表明:(1)4种林型内都有辽东栎和华山松幼苗的分布;并且,在整个林区内辽东栎幼苗数量多,所占比例最高,表明辽东栎幼苗在该地区所有群落类型中更新良好。(2)幼苗密度、幼苗多样性和幼苗丰富度均为阔叶林>油松林>华山松林>华北落叶松林。(3)坡向对乔木幼苗的分布有显著影响;除阔叶林,其余林型内乔木幼苗均表现为阳坡<阴坡。(4)随着乔木胸径的增加,阔叶林内幼苗密度呈上升趋势,幼苗多样性和丰富度呈下降趋势。针叶林内,最高幼苗密度、多样性和丰富度均出现在中等胸高断面积的情况下。上述结果揭示,对于密度较大的华北落叶松人工林,应该进行适当地间伐,从而改善人工林的更新情况,增加群落的多样性,提高生态系统功能。而且,对于不同坡向的人工林应该采用不同的抚育措施。The objective of this study were to investigate the natural regeneration and the percentage of species seedlings of broadleaved forest, Pinus tabulaeformis forest, P. armandii forest and Larix principrisrupprechii forest in Liupanshan National Natural Reserve. The effects of slope aspect and tree basal area on seedling density, seedling diversity and seedling richness were analyzed. The results showed that （1） Seedlings of Quercus liaotungensis and P. armandii were distributed in four types of forest and Q. liaotungensis had the highest seedling density, seedling diversity and seedling richness indicating that regeneration of Q. liaotungensis can survive in any type community. （2） Seedling density, seedling diversity and richness were highest in broadleaved forest, and then in P. tabulaeformis forest, P. armandii forest, and that were lowest in L. principris-rupprechii forest. （3） Slope aspect had significantly influence on seedling distribution. Seedling densities of all species on shady slope were higher than those on sunny slope in four type forests except in broadleaved forest. （4） Seedling density increased with the increase of tree basal area, while seedling diversity and seedling richness decreased with the increase of tree basal area in broadleaved forest. However, seedling density, seedling diversity and seedling richness were peaked at the in-termediate basal area in three conifer forests and decreased with the increase of basal area. The results obove mentiond provide further evidence that people can achieve the higher regeneration, diversity, and functioning through managing low density in artificial forest. Moreover, the forests in different slope aspects need different management.

关 键 词：天然更新 幼苗 林型 坡向 胸高断面积 

分 类 号：S718.542[农业科学—林学]