西藏砂生槐的研究现状及其利用与保护对策  

Research Status,Utiliziation and Protection Measures of Sophora moorcroftiana in Tibet

作　　者：郭其强 罗大庆 方江平 仁德智 王贞红 傅军锋 

机构地区：[1]西藏高原生态研究所,西藏林芝860000 [2]汝阳县林业局,河南汝阳471200

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2009年第1期98-101,156,共5页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目;西藏高寒干旱退化生态系统恢复重建技术与示范(2006BAC01A04)

摘　　要：砂生槐是西藏特有的重要生物资源,具有很好的固沙、饲用和药用价值。以往研究表明:砂生槐种子天然萌发率较低,萌蘖苗是对种群数量保持稳定有力的补充,遗传多样性表明砂生槐在长期进化中各居群分化较大;其枝、叶和种子饲用价值较高;种子内含生物碱具有很高的药用价值。目前存在问题是由于保护措施缺乏,种群受干扰较多,导致天然砂生槐灌丛受破坏严重,种群面积减少;由于饲用和药用产品开发少,导致经济效益低下,人工种植积极性差。在未来应该加强对快繁技术的研究,增加人工种植面积;进一步开发相关的饲用和医药产品,提高其经济价值,提高人工种植积极性;制订相应的保护对策和合理的开发方式,为砂生槐灌丛的有效保护和开发利用提供基本保证。Sophora rnoorcroftiana is one of an important biomass resources in Tibet,for it values in sand fixation,feeding and medicinal application. Previous researches showed that, its nature germination rate was low, but sprouting reproduction strongly supplemented to keep stable population;population differentiation was significant;its branches leaves and seeds were useful for animal feeding and medicinale application. However,there have been some problems existed,such as deficient protection measures and serious interference population make the livable habitats is reducing. At the same time,its lower economic benefit make the areas of artificial planting very small. In the future, the rapid-propagation technology should be studied and enlarge planting area, relevant products should be developed in order to improve the initiative for artificial planting the protection countermeasure and development mode should be developed. All of these are the basic guarantees of effective protection,development and utilization for S. rnoorcroftiana in Tiebet.

关 键 词：砂生槐 生态学特性 开发利用 保护对策 

分 类 号：S793[农业科学—林木遗传育种]