陕西省镇安县天然林保护工程的效率研究  

Efficiency Study on "Natural Forest Protection Project "of Zhen'an County in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：周莉[1] 侯波 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学经济管理学院,北京100038 [2]杨陵农机监理站,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2009年第1期222-228,共7页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：亚洲开发银行援助项目"重点林业工程与消除贫困技术援助"(ADBTA4307)

摘　　要："十五"期间,天然林保护工程国家总投资占林业六大工程国家总投资的44.17%,在林业生态建设中发挥重要作用。尤其是工程巨大的生态价值,体现了公共产品的特性。为了衡量该工程的国家财政支出效率,选择陕西省镇安县作为案例县,运用公共财政支出效率的评价方法,即社会成本效益分析法,在辨别工程相关成本和相关效益的基础上,考虑货币时间价值,将工程从短期、中期和长期考虑,选取相应的折现率,对工程进行衡量和评价。结果表明,天然林保护工程的实施符合其恢复和建设生态系统的目标,从净现值和益本比的计算分析,工程具有效率,符合帕累托改进状态。但从公共政策决策的角度,工程应该注重相关利益者间受益主体与受损主体之间的补偿,建立生态效益补偿机制解决工程的外部性,真正实现帕累托效率,达到社会福利最大化的目标。During the period of ＂the Tenth Five-Year Plan＂ in China, as one of ＂Six Key Forestry Project＂, natural forests protection project （NFPP） has accounted for 44.17% of the total investment six projects. It has been playing important role in the construction of forest ecology. The huge ecological value of the project make it the character of public goods. For estimating finance expenditure efficiency on the project, selecting the case county of Zhen＇an in Shaanxi Province, the efficiency was analyzed and estimated by socialcost and soci-benefit analysis methods. Based on discerning relative cost and benefit with the project, and considering money time value, it＇s classified as three periods as short-time, middle-term and long term for calculation and estimation the project efficiency. The conclusion was that as the project in practice is in accordence with the aims of restoration and construction of ecological system. The project is efficient and in accordence with the statement of Pareto improvement theory resulted from NPV and PI. While considering public policy decision, it＇s brought forward that paying attention to compensation between stakeholder benefit from project and stakeholder damage from that in the paper, building ecological benefit compensation system to resolve the project exterior-ness for achieving Pareto Optimality, making the truth with achieving the purpose on maximal social welfare.

关 键 词：天然林保护工程 效益评价 生态补偿机制 镇安县 

分 类 号：F316.23[经济管理—产业经济]