云南省维西县碧罗雪山周边地带医学革螨生态学调查  

Ecological investigation on medical gamasid mites in the surrounding areas of Biluo snow mountain in Weixi county of Yunnan province,China

作　　者：任天广[1] 郭宪国[1] 李伟[1] 吴滇[1] 王乔花[1] 

机构地区：[1]大理学院病原与媒介生物研究所,云南大理671000

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2009年第1期38-41,共4页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30760226)

摘　　要：目的了解云南省维西县碧罗雪山周边地带医学革螨的生态学特征。方法选择云南省维西县碧罗雪山周边地带为调查点,用鼠笼(夹)加食饵诱捕小型哺乳动物(小兽)",全捕法"采集其体表全部革螨。革螨群落结构用丰富度(S)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)、均匀度(J′)及优势指数(C′)描述。革螨的空间分布格局用分布型指数中的扩散系数(C)、Cassie指数(CA)、丛生指数(I)及聚块指数(m*/m)测定。结果在捕获的40种1560只小兽体表采集到35种革螨,未确定的革螨种类为8种。物种丰富度及生物多样性很高。优势革螨为特氏厉螨、金氏厉螨、景东厉螨、土尔克厉螨、柏氏禽刺螨。优势种地位突出,5种优势种革螨在小兽体表的分布均表现聚集型分布格局,其生活史时期除柏氏禽刺螨(37.25%)外,其余4种均以雌成虫为主(96.84%、87.94%、92.78%、95.77%),幼虫及若虫比例较低(柏氏禽刺螨的若虫比例为54.51%),雌虫比例均大于其相应的雄虫比例。结论云南省维西县碧罗雪山周边地带医学革螨物种丰富,生物多样性高,群落结构复杂,其在宿主体表的寄生呈高度聚集性。Objective To study the distribution and its ecological charateristics of medical gamasid mites in the surrounding areas of Biluoxueshan in Yunnan province, China. Methods Some small mammals were captured by mouse traps （or mouse clips） in the surrounding areas of Biluo snow mountain located in Weixi county of Yunnan province. The ectoparasitic gamasid mites were all collected from the body surface of small mammal hosts. The community structure of gamasid mites were illustrated with richness （S）, Shannon - Wiener＇s diversity index （H＇）, evenness （J＇） and dominance index （C＇）. The spatial distribution patterns of some dominant species of gamasid mites were measured by disperse coefficient, clumping index, Cassie index and patch index. Results There were 1560 small mammals belonging to 40 species captured, and 35 species of gamasid mites were collected from the body of small mammals. Of which, 8 species were not identified. The community of gamasid mites showed a high diversity with abundant species. The dominant species of gamasid mite were Laclaps traubi, Laelaps chin, Laelaps jingdongensis, Laclaps turkestanicus and Ornithonyssus bacoti. The distribution patterns of 5 dominant gamasid mite species on the body of small mammals were of aggregated distribution. Of the 5 dominant species, the female ratios of most mite species （96.84%, 87.94%, 92.78%, 95.77% ） were much higher than the males, but Os.bacoti was an exception （37.25%）. For most mites species, the proportion of the larvae and nympha was much lower with the exception of Os.bacoti Hirst （54.51%）. Conclusion The community of gamasid mites in the surrounding areas of Biluo snow mountain was relatively complicated with abundant species. The spatial distribution of dominant mite species was of aggregated distribution pattern.

关 键 词：蜱螨亚纲 医学革螨 生态学 云南 

分 类 号：R384.4[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]