湖北省油菜钾肥效应及推荐用量研究  

Study on response to potassium(K) application and recommendation of optimal K rates for rapeseed in Hubei

作　　者：李银水[1] 鲁剑巍[1] 邹娟[1] 李小坤[1] 黄和平 余勇 姚忠清 彭文勇 李彬 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]湖北省土壤肥料工作站,湖北武汉430070 [3]赤壁市土壤肥料工作站,湖北赤壁437300 [4]天门市土壤肥料工作站,湖北天门431700 [5]荆州市荆州区土壤肥料工作站,湖北荆州434100

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2008年第4期469-475,共7页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”;国家十一五科技支撑课题(2006BAD21B03、2006BAD25B01);国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)合作项目(Hubei-30);农业部948重大项目(2006-G60)

摘　　要：通过22个田间试验研究湖北省油菜主产区钾肥效应和适宜用量。结果表明，适量施用钾肥对油菜具有明显的增产增收效果，21个试验施钾比不施钾对照增收油菜籽70—1091kg／hm^2，平均增产337kg／hm^2，增产幅度在2．5％～68．6％之间，平均增产率为18．6％；纯利润平均为871元/hm^2，产投比平均达3．91；钾肥偏生产力和农学利用率平均分别为34．8kg/kg K2O和4．2kg／kg K2O。根据肥料效应方程，在当前生产条件下，油菜生产的钾肥最佳经济用量平均为82．7kg K2O／hm^2，推荐幅度为0—150．2kg K2O／hm^2。土壤速效钾含量与油菜钾肥最佳推荐用量呈极显著负相关（r=-0．7896^＊＊，n=20），根据土壤速效钾含量（x，单位为mg／kg）水平，湖北省目前油菜生产适宜用钾量（Y，单位为kg／hm^2）可通过公式Y=366．28—62．646Ln（x）求得。22 field trials were carried out to study the response to potassium （K） and find out optimized K rates for rapeseed in Hubei province. The results showed that K application both significantly increased rapeseed yield and profit. The increased yield ranged from 70 kg/hm^2 to 1 091kg/hm^2 with an average of 337kg/hm^2, and the increment ranged from 2.5% to 68.6% with an average of 18.6%. The average net profit of K application was 871Yuan/hm^2 and the value cost ratio （VCtt） was 3.91. The average partial factor productivity of applied K （PFPK） and agronomic K use efficiency （AKUE） were 34.8kg/kg K2O and 4.2kg/kg K2O, respectively. According to fertilizer response equations ,the economical K application rates were 0kg/hm^2 to 150.2kg/hm^2, the average rates was 82.7kg/hm^2, It was showed that the economical K application rates had significant negative correlation with soil available K level, the correlation coefficient （r） was 0.789 6 （ n = 20）. The economical K application rates of rapeseed can be obtained from equation y = 366.28 -62. 646Ln（x） （y stands for applied rate of K2O ,x stands for soil available K content） in Hubei Province.

关 键 词：油菜 钾肥 产量 经济效益 钾肥推荐用量 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学] S565.406[农业科学—农业基础科学]