肠道葡萄糖转运载体研究进展  

Advance in Glucose Transporters in Intestine

作　　者：黄志毅[1] 王修启[1] 邹仕庚[1] 冯定远[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2009年第3期57-61,共5页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：":国家重点基础研究发展计划"(973)(2004CB117501);广东省自然科学基金(05300836)

摘　　要：D-葡萄糖是机体的主要能源物质,对机体代谢与内环境稳态有非常重要的作用。葡萄糖的吸收主要通过位于肠黏膜上皮细胞的两类葡萄糖转运载体家族来完成。Na+与SGLTs的结合促使载体与葡萄糖的结合,葡萄糖顺着Na+的浓度梯度进入细胞;当细胞内葡萄糖浓度升高后,葡萄糖顺着浓度差通过肠黏膜上皮细胞基底膜GLUT2经易化扩散转运进入血液。本文综述了肠道不同葡萄糖转运载体家族的成员和分类,介绍了其结构特征、功能特性及其组织分布;并详细阐述了肠道葡萄糖转运载体基因表达的影响因素。D-glucose is the main source of energy in organisms and plays a central role in metabolism and cellular homeostasis. Glucose absorption is co-mediated by two families of glucose transporter located in the enterocytes of the intestine. Glucose is first transported into the epithelium by Sodium/Glucose Cotransporters （SGLTs） after it had been bound by Na^＋ and this transcellular pathway is powered by a downhill gradient of Na^＋ across the apical membrane. Then, the accumulated glucose in the enterocytes, uphill its concentration gradient with facilitated diffusion, is transported by Glucose Transporter 2 （GLUT2） located in the basolateral membrane into the blood. The structure and function of these glucose transporter families as well as gene expression regulation by some factors are the main focuses of this review.

关 键 词：葡萄糖转运载体 结构 综述 功能 基因表达 肠道 

分 类 号：S852.2[农业科学—基础兽医学]