应用灰色系统理论评价昭苏马场天然草地质量  

Natural Grassland Quality Evaluation of Zhaosu Horse Farm Using the Theory of Grey Relational Analysis

作　　者：杨海宽[1] 安沙舟[1] 张荣华[1] 李海 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆昭苏马场草原站,新疆昭苏835602

出　　处：《草地学报》2009年第1期113-120,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：新疆现代化畜牧业试验与示范项目资助

摘　　要：以昭苏马场天然草地可食牧草产量、载畜量、牧草覆盖度、土壤含水量、土壤容重、土壤有机质和土壤全量养分含量为主要指标,应用灰色系统理论中关联度分析的方法,对该场11个草地资源类的质量进行评价。结果表明,昭苏马场质量最好的草地是中山山地草甸的穗三毛(Trisetum spicatum(L.)Richt)+山地糙苏(Phlomisoreophila Kar.et Kir.)+杂类草(Herbarum variarum)草地型和高寒草甸的线叶嵩草(Kobresia capillifolia(Dec-ne.)Clarke)+天山羽衣草(Alchemilla tianschanica Juz.)+杂类草草地型(Herbarum variarum),其关联度分别为0.736、0.691;质量最差的草地是河谷草甸的白尖苔草(Carex oxyleuca V.Krecz)+无芒雀麦(Bromus inermisLeyss.)草地型和低山丘陵草原的羊茅(Festuca ovina L.)+草原苔草(Carex liparocarpos Gaudin)+针茅(Stipacapillata L.)草地型、羊茅+针茅+草原苔草草地型和针茅+草原苔草+冷蒿(Artemisia frigida Willd.)草地型,其关联度分别为0.475、0.461、0.475和0.465。根据分析结果,提出昭苏马场天然草地质量分级的方案,划分5个等级,为今后昭苏马场草地资源充分、有效、合理的利用提供依据。The resource qualities of 11 natural grassland types in Zhaosu Horse Farm were evaluated using the theory and technology of grey relational analysis by the major parameters including edible herbage production,stocking capacity,forage coverage,soil moisture content,soil bulk density,soil organic matter,and soil nutrient content.The results show that mid-mountain meadow（Trisetum spicatum（L.） Richt＋Phlomis oreophila Kar.et Kir.＋ Herbarum variarum） and alpine meadow（Kobresia capillifolia（Decne.） Clarke＋Alchemilla tianschanica Juz.＋ Herbarum variorum） had the best resource quality,the correlating degree was 0.736 and 0.691,respectively.The valley meadow（Carex oxyleuca V.Krecz＋Bromus inermis Leyss.） and the low mountain hill grassland（Festuca ovina L.＋Carex liparocarpos Gaudin＋Stipa capillata L.;F.ovina＋S.capillata＋C.liparocarpos;S.capillata＋C.liparocarpos＋Artemisia frigida Willd.） had the worst resource quality,the correlating degree was 0.475,0.461,0.475,and 0.465,respectively.Based on the analysis results,the quality classification scheme of natural grassland in Zhaosu Horse Farm was put forward to five grades which provided a basis to the full,effective,and rational use of the grassland resources of Zhaosu Horse Farm in the future.

关 键 词：草地质量 灰色关联度分析 高寒草甸 中山山地草甸 低山丘陵草原 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]