多种形状超细CaCO_3的制备及在HTPB推进剂中的应用  

Preparation of Ultrafine Calcium Carbonate with Different Shapes and Their Applications in the HTPB Propellant

作　　者：李晓东[1] 杨荣杰[1] 杨燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100081

出　　处：《含能材料》2009年第1期64-68,共5页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：总装备部预研项目(51328050303)

摘　　要：用微乳液法制备了棒状、纺锤形、椭球形、竹节状、球形、树枝状、珊瑚状、黏连状、立方形和片状的超细CaCO3,用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对超细CaCO3进行了表征。研究了普通CaCO3、立方形超细CaCO3、球形超细CaCO3和用乳化剂处理后的球形超细CaCO3对HTPB推进剂燃速的影响。结果表明,超细CaCO3以方解石和文石晶型存在,其粒径小于1μm。不同实验条件对超细CaCO3的形貌影响很大。3%的普通CaCO3、立方形超细CaCO3、球形超细CaCO3和用乳化剂处理后的球形超细CaCO3使HTPB推进剂在7MPa下的燃速分别降低了29.6%、39.3%、46.2%和48.6%。超细CaCO3降低HTPB推进剂燃速的幅度大于普通CaCO3。CaCO3处理方法对其降低HTPB推进剂燃速影响不大。Ultrafine calcium carbonate particles prepared by micro-latex method were determined by means of X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scan electron microscopy （SEM）. HTPB propellants with different kinds of calcium carbonate particles were studied. They included ordinary calcium carbonate, cubic ultratlne calcium carbonate, spherical ultrafine calcium carbonate and spherical uhrafine calcium carbonate treated by emulsifying agent. The results show that shapes of uhrafine calcium carbonate particles include clava, spindle, ellipsoid, bamboo-like, sphere, arborization, coral-like, conglutinate, cube and flake. The crystal forms of ultrafinc calcium carbonate particles are calcite and aragonite and particle size is less than 1 p.m. The experimental condition affects the shapes of ultrafine calcium carbonate particles. The burning rates of HTPB propellant decrease by 29.6% ,39.3% ,46.2% and 48.6% at 7 MPa,respectively,when 3% ordinary calcium carbonate, cubic ultrafine calcium carbonate, spherical ultrafine calcium carbonate and spherical uhrafine calcium carbonate treated by emulsifying agent were added to HTPB propellant. Different kinds of calcium carbonate particles may decrease the burning rate of HTPB propellant. The burning rate of HTPB propellant with ultrafine calcium carbonate decreases more than that with ordinary calcium carbonate. Uhrafine calcium carbonate particles treated by different methods affect the burning rate of HTPB propellant little.

关 键 词：无机化学 超细碳酸钙 HTPB推进剂 燃速 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]