渗透蒸发技术在肼类燃料脱水中的应用研究进展  

Pervaporation and its Applications in Dehydration of Hydrazine Fuels

作　　者：李正莉[1] 张有智[1] 王煊军[1] 李鸿斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二炮兵工程学院,陕西西安710025

出　　处：《含能材料》2009年第1期107-112,共6页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

摘　　要：针对肼类燃料传统脱水方法效率低、安全性差等问题,分析了渗透蒸发(pervaporaion,PV)技术的原理,回顾了该技术应用于醇/水混合物脱水研究中适用的膜材料类型和性能。综述了该技术应用于肼类燃料脱水的研究进展。分析表明,该技术可克服传统肼类燃料脱水方法的不足。根据肼类燃料的特殊性质,膜材料可选用壳聚糖、陶瓷及沸石。提出可采用多级串联脱水以提高效率。肼类燃料渗透蒸发脱水的关键研究领域包括:低浓度水溶液中回收肼类燃料;高浓度肼类燃料脱水;开发高性能膜材料等方面。Aiming at the problems （ low efficiency, lacking processing safety, and so on ） of traditional dehydration method, the mechanism of pervaporation （ PV ） technology was analyzed. The types and performances of the membranes and their applications in dehydration of ethanol/water mixtures were retrospected. The development of dehydration of hydrazinc fuels by PV was reviewed. The results show that PV can overcome the shortages of traditional dehydration method of hydrazine fuels. According to the particular properties of hydrazine fuels, ehitosan, ceramic and zeolite are used for suitable membrane materials for dehydration of hydrazine fuels by PV. Multi-level PV set in series can improve the dehydration efficiency. The key fields about dehydration of hydrazine fuels by PV include： recovery of hydrazine fuels from diluted aqueous solutions; dehydration of high concentration hydrazine fuels; and development of high-performance membrane materials.

关 键 词：物理化学 渗透蒸发 膜 肼类燃料 脱水 

分 类 号：V51[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]