深层煤矿床开采地质条件及其综合探测——现状与问题  

Coal-mining geological conditions and explorations of deep coal deposits: status and problems

作　　者：张泓[1] 夏宇靖[1] 张群[1] 晋香兰[1] 靳德武[1] 

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学研究总院西安研究院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《煤田地质与勘探》2009年第1期1-11,16,共12页Coal Geology & Exploration

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2006CB202200)

摘　　要：煤炭是我国的主要能源,是国民经济和社会健康发展的根本保障,但华北和东北地区多数老矿区的浅部煤炭资源已近于枯竭,需要开发深部煤炭资源。深层煤矿床处于高围压、高温度、高瓦斯含量和高孔隙压力的采矿环境,其勘探和开发不仅是工程问题,更多的是地质问题。根据我国煤炭资源勘探开发中存在的问题与现状,在深层煤矿床赋存规律、开采地质条件及综合探测研究方面,急待解决的关键科学问题是:a.深层煤矿床的形成演化与赋存规律;b.深层煤矿床赋存的初始能量场以及多场叠加效应;c.深层煤矿床的流体来源、运移和赋存机理与多相介质耦合作用;d.深层煤矿床关键地质体和多相介质的地球物理响应与综合勘查理论。建立深层煤矿床精细、快速综合探测理论和技术方法体系,将为深部煤炭资源的勘探与安全高效开发和一些老煤炭工业基地的可持续发展提供科学依据和理论基础。Coal plays a leading role in both production and contribution of energy sources in China, and it provides guarantee for national economic and social development in excellent coordination. However, the shallow coal resources in the old coal mining areas of North and Northeast China have been nearly exhausted, and it is necessary to mine the deep coal resources. Deep coal mines are under the complex mining environment conditions of high in-situ pressure and geotherm, as well as high methane content in coalbed and pore pressure dissipation. Therefore, the exploration and development of the deep coal deposits are both the engineering and the geological problems. According to the analyses of the research status and problems in coal resource exploration and development in our country, the key scientific problems in term of the basic research of occurrence, coal mining-geological conditions and comprehensive exploration of the deep coal deposit are as follow： （i） formation, evolution and occurrence conditions of coal-bearing geological bodies; （ii） primary energy fields and coupling reaction of multiple energy-field in deep coal mine; （iii） the origin and source of fluid, permeable flow, occurrence and migratory concentration mechanisms, and the coupling action of multiphase mediums; and （iv） the geophysical anomaly response of the special geological bodies and multiphase mediums, and theory of comprehensive exploration. Constructing the exploration theory, technology-method system of deep coal deposits, will provide the scientific basis for exploiting deep coal resource with optimum beneficial result and safety, and promote the sustainable development of the old coal mining areas in North and Northeast China.

关 键 词：煤炭资源 深层煤矿床 形成演化 条件 能量场 煤矿瓦斯 岩溶水 综合探测 

分 类 号：P618.11[天文地球—矿床学]