潮汕地区荔枝·龙眼果园害虫群落结构特征  

Structure Characteristics of Vermin Community in Litchi and Longan Orchard in Chaoshan Region

作　　者：邢树文[1] 谢永萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]韩山师范学院生物系,广东潮州521041

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第2期685-688,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：初步调查了荔枝、龙眼果园昆虫，并通过查阅标本和相关资料，整理记录龙眼、荔枝果园昆虫标本158种，隶属11目61科，其中，种类较多的有夜蛾科15种、蝽科8种、灰蝶科9种、天蛾科9种、蚧总科7种、蛱蝶科6种、瘿蚊科1种。害虫包括8目2总科27科71种，危害严重的害虫有10种。荔蝽、龙眼角颊木虱、荔枝叶瘿蚊、鬼尺蠖、荔枝蒂蛀虫、三角新小卷蛾、褐带长卷叶蛾、龙眼亥麦蛾、鸟嘴壶夜蛾、荔枝蝽尺蛾等对荔枝龙眼危害严重。荔枝害虫的多样性指数全年变动范围为0．0919～2．6938，均匀度指数为0．0762～0．8993。从以上数据分析，荔枝害虫群落的优势地位明显，生态优势度较大。在化学防治中，要注意保护平腹小蜂、蜘蛛等天敌生物。Through primarily investigating the insects in Litchi and Longan Orchard and consulting relevant samples and statistics, this study regulated and recorded 158 insect specimens that belong to 11 orders, 61 families, among which included 15 species of Noctuidae, 8 species of Pentatomidae, 9 species of Lycaenidae, 9 species of Sphingidae,7 species of Coccidae,6 species of Nymphalidae and 1 of Cecidomyidae; Vermin included 8 orders 2 superfamilies 27 families 71 species, and 10 species of them were serious harmful ones, which included Tessaratoma qtutdrata, Cornegepsylla sinica, Dasineura sp. , Macaria elongaria Leech, Conopomorpha sinensis, Homona coffearia, Hypadima longanae, Oraesia excavate, Tessaratoma papiUosa and etc.. Annual variation range of Litchi vermin diversity index was 0. 091 9 -2. 693 8, uniformity degree index was 0. 076 2 - 0. 899 3. According to the above analysis, vermin communities had dominant position and ecological dominance in the community and natural enemy insects should be protected in chemical control such as Pseudanstatus albitarsis and so on.

关 键 词：粤东地区 荔枝 龙眼 害虫群落 动态 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]