江淮平原小麦主栽品种茎秆抗倒性能分析  

The Analysis of Culm Lodging Resistance in Main Wheat Cultivars in the Plain of the Yangtze-Huai Rivers

作　　者：谢家琦[1] 李金才[1] 魏凤珍[1] 吴昊[1] 于绍凤[1] 王梁[1] 马慧慧[1] 沈雨民[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2009年第3期108-111,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重大项目(2006BADO02A07-1);国家粮食丰产科技工程(2006BAD02A)

摘　　要：以江淮平原8个小麦主栽品种为材料,分析不同品种的茎秆抗倒性能及其产量。结果表明,烟农19,郑麦004,平安6号和周麦22在全生育期内未发生倒伏,偃展4110,新麦18和皖麦50在乳熟期发生1级（茎秆与地面夹角为75°～45°）轻微倒伏,而皖麦19在乳熟期发生2级（茎秆与地面夹角为45°～20°）倒伏,倒伏率为17.62%。皖麦19的株高、重心高度、基部节间长度及其干物质输出率均高于未倒伏品种和轻微倒伏品种,不利于其抗倒伏。烟农19的株高和重心高度适中,基部节间机械强度较大,干物质在乳熟前输出较慢,乳熟后迅速分解输出,有利于茎秆抗倒和产量提高。因此,得出江淮平原兼顾高产和抗倒的小麦品种为烟农19和周麦22。8 main wheat cuhivars in the plain of the Yangtze-Huai Rivers were used to analysis the characteristics of lodging resistance and yields of different cuhivars. The results showed that Yannongl9, Zhengmai004, Pingan6 and Zhoumai22 grew well without lodging in the whole growth seasons; Yanzhan4110, Xinmai18 and Wanmai50 appeared 1 degree lodging （the angle between culm and ground was 75°-45°） at milk stage; but Wanmai19 appeared 2 degree lodging （the angle between culm and ground was 45°-20°） at milk stage and the lodging percentage was 17.62%. The height of plant and gravity center, length and dry matter output rate of basal internodes of Wanmai19 were higher than that of 0 degree lodging cuhivars and 1 degree lodging cuhivars, and goes against lodging resistance. The height of plant and gravity center of Yannong19 were moderate, the mechanical strength of basal internodes were bigger, and the dry matter of that output relatively slowly before milk stage but rapid after milk stage, all those beneficial to lodging resistance and high yield. So, Yannong19 and Zhoumai22 gain high yield while lodging resistance in the plain of the Yangtze-Huai Rivers.

关 键 词：江淮平原 小麦 品种 茎秆 抗倒 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]