明清小冰期关中地区冻灾研究  

The Freeze Disasters in the Little Ice Age of Ming and Qing Dynasties in the Guanzhong Region

作　　者：蔡文娟[1] 殷淑燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,西安710062

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2009年第3期118-121,共4页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(04BZS022);国家自然科学基金项目(40571154);陕西省社会科学基金项目(08J008)资助

摘　　要：通过对明清小冰期关中地区历史资料的搜集、整理和分析,对该时期关中地区的冻灾发生频率做了统计。结果表明:该时期冻灾的发生呈现波动变化,1451-1500A.D.(明景泰-明弘治)、1571-1730 A.D.(明隆庆-清乾隆)、1831-1910 A.D.(清道光-清宣统)这三个时期冻灾发生的频率较高,而1501-1570 A.D.(明弘治-明隆庆)、1731-1830 A.D.(清雍正-清道光)冻灾发生的频率较低。且冻灾的灾害程度与冻灾的发生频率密切相关,冻灾发生频率较高的时期,灾害的程度也较重。此外,与这一时期该地区的旱灾发生频率统计结果对比分析表明,冻灾与旱灾的发生频率基本上为同步变化。旱灾与冻灾的同步增多,对当时的社会经济发展、农业生产、社会稳定、人口数量变化等方面产生了重要影响。Through collecting, reorganizing and analyzing the history materials of the little ice age of Ming and Qing dynasties in Guanzhong region, the frequency of the Freeze Disaster in this period in Guanzhong region were analyzed. The results indicated that the occurrence of freeze disasters in this period presented the fluctuant change. In these three periods ：1451 -1500A. D. （from Ming Jingtai to Ming Hongzhi）, 1571 - 1730 A. D. （from Ming Longqing to Qing Qianlong） and 1831 - 1910 A. D. （from Qing Daoguang to Qing Xuantong）, the frequences of the freeze disasters were higher, but the frequencies of the freeze disaster were lower in these periods： 1501 - 1570 A. D. （from Ming Hongzhi to Ming Longqing） and 1731 - 1830 A. D. （from Qing Yongzheng to Qing Daoguang）. And the degrees were closely related to the frequencies. The higher of the frequency of the disaster, the heavier of the degree of damage in the same period. In addition, the frequencies of freeze and drought disasters were in the same step with the statistics results during the period in this region. The increase of freeze and drought disasters had a significant impact on socio -economic development, agricultural production, social stability, and the population changes at that period.

关 键 词：关中地区 冻灾 明清小冰期 

分 类 号：K901.9[历史地理—人文地理学]