新型哌嗪衍生物的合成、表征及抗磨性的初步考察  

SYNTHESIS,CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL PIPERAZINE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR ANTI-WEAR BEHAVIOR IN LIQUID PARAFFIN

作　　者：张志刚[1] 赵鸿斌[1,2] 常慧[2] 刘仁德[3] 谭援强[1] 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学化学学院,湖南湘潭411105 [2]东莞理工学院化学生物工程系,广东东莞523808 [3]上海宝钢工业检测公司,上海201900

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2009年第1期102-107,共6页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(5005018);湖南省科技攻关项目(03GKY30301);东莞市科研发展专项基金(2006D041)资助

摘　　要：通过无水哌嗪与二硫化碳以及含不同酯基的氯乙酸酯反应,合成了6种新型无灰、无磷环境友好润滑油添加剂1,4-双(二硫代甲酸乙酸酯基)哌嗪衍生物2a、2b、2c、2d、2e、2f。采用1H NMR1、3C NMR、IR、UV-Vis、MS和元素分析对它们进行表征,确证了其结构,并采用热重分析仪考察了其热稳定性能。利用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了其在液体石蜡(LP)中的承载能力和添加剂浓度、摩擦时间及载荷对液体石蜡抗磨性能的影响。结果表明,它们的初始分解温度均高于300℃,第二分解温度最高达到370℃,说明它们的热稳定性能良好。此类添加剂具有很高的承载能力,当添加剂用量为1.0%(质量分数)时,样品2c+LP的PB值最大可达1100 N,远比ZDDP+LP样品的PB值高;并且它们能够明显改善LP的抗磨性能,性能最好的是2f。1,4-双(二硫代甲酸乙酸酯基)哌嗪衍生物中烷基链的长短和形状(直链或支链)对其承载能力的影响不大,但对抗磨性能有很大的影响,含有长链烷基的哌嗪衍生物抗磨性能更好。Six piperazine derivatives, 1,4-di（dithiocarbamate acteate）piperazines, named 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f, were synthesized from the reaction of piperazine with carbon disulfide and chloroacetate, whose structures and thermal stability were determined by ^1H NMR, ^13CNMR, IR, UV-Vis, MS, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric apparatus, respectively. These piperazine derivatives were used as the novel, environmentally friendly and ash-less and non-phosphorus lubricating oil additives in liquid paraffin （LP）. Their load-carrying capacity as lubricating oil additives and the effects of additive concentration, friction time and load on the anti-wear performance of LP were evaluated by using a four-ball tester. The results showed that the six derivatives all thermally decomposed at above 300℃, and the highest decomposition temperature was about 370℃, indicating the fair thermal stability. The six derivatives all possessed excellent load-carrying capacity, and the maximum PB value of the LP sample with 1.0% （mass fraction） 2c added, reached 1100N,much better than that of the LP sample with 1.0% ZDDP. They could improve the anti-wear performance of LP, among which 2f was the best one. The length and shape of alkyl in the molecule of 1,4-di（dithiocarbamate acteate）piperazine had less impact on Pu value but length of alkyl was the main factor affecting the anti-wear performance of LP. With the longer length of the alkyl, the anti-wear ability of 1,4 di（dithioearbamate acteate）piperazine for LP was better.

关 键 词：哌嗪衍生物 润滑油添加剂 抗磨性能 

分 类 号：O626.3[理学—有机化学] TH117.1[理学—化学]