绿洲土地利用影响下地下水矿化度时空变化模拟模型的构建  

A Model to Simulate Temporal-spatial Change of Groundwater Mineralization Resulted from Land Use in Oasis

作　　者：马兴旺[1,2] 吕贻忠[2] 李保国[2] 朱靖蓉[3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094 [3]新疆农业科学院中心实验室,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2009年第2期268-275,共8页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(39990490);国家科技支撑课题(2007BAC15B01)

摘　　要：绿洲土地利用会影响地下水位和地下水矿化度在时间和空间上变化，而这种变化反过来又会影响到土地利用。为了更好地了解二者的互动作用，论文以民勤绿洲为例建立了模拟绿洲土地利用影响下地下水矿化度时空变化的模型。文中选用二维地下潜水流模型描述绿洲平原区潜水-微承压水系统的地下水流，选用对流-弥散方程描述地下水溶质运移，用计算地下水流的FEFLOW软件求解，把土地利用的影响作为模型源汇项处理，以GIS处理区域土地利用的空间数据。在缺乏连续的矿化度观测值的情况下，通过把模拟的区域矿化度变幅分布图与已有文献报道1979～1990的地下水矿化度变幅分布图对比分析来调整参数，直到使二者基本符合即认为参数满足要求。经过初步验证，此种方法建立的模型能很好地模拟绿洲土地利用对地下水矿化度时空变化的影响。Land use will result in temporal-spatial change of groundwater table and mineralization, furthermore the change will affect land use too. In order to understand their influences, the paper established a model to simulate temporal-spatial change of groundwater mineralization resulted from land use in oasis. FEFLOW, a special software modeling groundwater flow with finite element method, was used to model unconfined groundwater flow described by a two-dimensional equation in oasis plain, to model groundwater mineralization described by a convection-dispersion equation. Spatial variation of land use, as source/sink factors of groundwater, was deled with ArcView GIS. Because of lacking of series observed values of mass concentration, parameters were adjusted by comparing predicted change map of groundwater mineralization with map provided by literatures. And the adjustment would not be stopped until two maps were very similar. It proved that the model established according to this method was suitable to simulate the change.

关 键 词：绿洲 土地利用 地下水矿化度 地理信息系统 FEFLOW 模型 

分 类 号：P641.1[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]