苜蓿重要农艺性状关联分子标记研究进展  

Advances in Agronomic Trait Associations with Molecular Markers of Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)

作　　者：陈丽[1] 金樑[1] 王晓娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,兰州730020

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2009年第1期179-186,共8页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：国家973计划项目(2007CB108904);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(3ZS051-A25-066);兰州大学引进人才专项基金项目(582402)资助

摘　　要：将不同品种的优良性状通过品种间的杂交集中到一个品种中是育种工作的主要目标,而利用基因型选择代替传统的表型选择将大大加快育种进程和提高育种效率,其中,DNA标记的获得是进行DNA标记辅助育种的重点。随着作物分子标记辅助育种技术的快速发展,苜蓿(Medicagosativa L.)重要性状关联的分子标记研究也取得了很大进展。本文就苜蓿草产量、抗病(虫)害、抗逆性和繁殖特性等主要农艺性状关联的分子标记研究进展进行了综述,主要包括RFLP(DNA-DNA杂交)、RAPD和SSR(PCR)以及AFLP(PCR与限制性酶切技术结合)等分子标记,最后还就苜蓿分子标记辅助育种(marker assisted selection,MAS)所面临的限制因素及其在苜蓿品种改良中的应用前景进行了探讨。The objective of plant breeding is to combine the good traits of different varieties into one variety through hybridization. It is possible to fasten the process and improve the efficiency of breeding based on genotype selection instead of phenotype selection. And to obtain the molecular markers is the important part of marker assisted selection （MAS）. With the fast development of molecular marker assisted selection, there have been great advances in agronomic trait-associations with molecular markers of alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.）. In this paper, we reviewed the progresses in molecular markers obtained associated with alfalfa forage production, resistance ability on pests and diseases, abiotic stress and anti-heavy metal stress, and reproductive characters. These molecular markers included RFLP （DNA-DNA hybridization）, RAPD and SSR （PCR） and AFLP （PCR and DNA restriction enzyme digestion） etc. The problems in the application of the molecular marker assisted selection in alfalfa as well as the perspective of MAS in alfalfa breeding were discussed.

关 键 词：苜蓿 农艺性状 分子标记 标记辅助育种 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]