动核结构的“词汇语义—句法语义”衔接研究  

A Study on the "Lexical-semantic and Syntactic-semantic" Cohesion in Verb-core Structures

作　　者：孙道功[1] 李葆嘉[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学文学院,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《语言文字应用》2009年第1期134-141,共8页Applied Linguistics

基　　金：江苏省南京师范大学研究生培养创新工程项目"词汇语义与句法语义的贯通研究"(CX07B-013r)经费资助

摘　　要："词汇语义—句法语义"的衔接是句法结构生成的关键。本研究依据词汇语义(词汇义征—义场)—句法范畴义征—句法语义(句法范畴—角色)的思路,基于词汇义征和范畴义征的分析,初步揭示了动核结构中"词汇语义—句法语义",即词汇单位如何凭借范畴义征转化为句法范畴的衔接机制。当相关词元组合时,范畴义征虽然成为与角色衔接的环节,但是始终基于词汇语义。范畴义征只是从句法层面对可能进入某一角色的义场加以限定,是否能组成语义结构还受制于词元的主要词汇义征。相同的范畴义征决定相同的句法表现,相异的词汇义征制约具体的组合对象。The ＂lexical-semantic and syntactic-semantic＂ cohesion is key to syntactic structure generation. Based on the analysis of lexical semantic features and semantic features of syntactic categories, this paper reveals initially ＂lexical-semantic and syntactic-semantic＂ in verb-core structures, that is the cohesive mechanism of how the lexical elements transform into syntactic categories by means of the semantic features of syntactic categories. This is in line with the idea that lexical semantic （lexical semantic feature semantic field）, semantic features of categories, and syntactic semantics （syntactic categories and semantic roles）. When relevant glossemes combined, semantic feature of category works as links among semantic roles, but it still happens according to lexical semantics. As semantic features of category only constrain the semantic fields which can probably play some role on grammatical level, and whether the semantic fields can be combined into semantic structures are mainly decided by lexical semantics. The same semantic features of syntactic category decide the same syntactic structure, while different lexical semantic features restrict the target glossemes.

关 键 词：语义语法 动核结构 词汇语义 句法范畴义征 语义角色 衔接机制 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语] H353