基于WNMM模型的潮土地区农田水氮优化管理  

WNMM-Model-Based Optimization of Soil Water and Nitrogen Management in Fluvo-Aquic Soil

作　　者：李晓鹏[1,2] 张佳宝[1] 朱安宁[1] 信秀丽[1,2] 张丛志[1,2] 黄平[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]封丘农业生态系统国家试验站／土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室／中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2009年第1期62-68,共7页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2005CB121103);国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD10A06-03);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-406);国家自然科学基金(40571069)

摘　　要：应用农田水氮管理模型(water and nitrogen management model,WNMM)模拟潮土水氮运移过程,以建立针对该地区气候环境和土壤性质的田间水氮优化管理方案。利用田间试验对WNMM模拟结果进行了校验,结果表明该模型能较好地模拟潮土地区的土壤水氮运移过程,农田蒸散量、土壤含水量和硝态氮含量的模拟值与实测值在α=0.01水平上相关显著,误差范围也令人满意。根据土壤实时水氮含量数据,建立了按作物生长亏缺动态调整灌溉、施氮的优化农田水氮管理方案。在多年平均气象条件下,与传统管理模式相比,优化管理模式不仅能为作物生长提供更好的土壤水肥条件,而且每年可节约灌溉水163.5mm、氮肥130kg.hm-2,减少土壤水渗漏264.6mm、氮素淋失71.1kg.hm-2。A water and nitrogen management model （WNMM） was used to simulate the soil water and nitrogen dynamics in fluvo-aquic soil, with a view to establishing a scheme to optimize soil water and nitrogen in light of local climate and soil properties. The model was validated by field experiments in fluvo-aquie soil. Results show that the model did good in simulating water and nitrogen dynamic. The simulated values of evaportranspiration, soil water and nitrate content displayed significant correlation （α = 0.01 ） with measured values, and the deviation are acceptable. Based on real-time data of soil water and nitrogen content, an optimal irrigation and fertilization scheme was figured out. Under the average climate conditions of years, the scheme could not only provide a preferable soil environment for crop growth, but also save irrigation water by 163.5 mm and nitrogen fertilizer by 130 kg . hm^-2 and decrease soil water and nitrogen leaching by 264.6 mm and 71.1 kg . hm^-2 , respectively, each year.

关 键 词：潮土 土壤水氮运移 水氮管理模型 优化管理模式 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程] S365[农业科学—农业工程]