地球内部水与无机成烃  

Water in the Earth's interior and abiotic formation of hydrocarbon

作　　者：陈晋阳[1] 刘桂洋[1] 金鹿江[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学环境与化工学院,上海201800

出　　处：《地学前缘》2009年第1期33-40,共8页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(20777048);上海市重点学科第三期资助项目(S30109)

摘　　要：地球内部水是广泛存在的,由于高温高压作用使其具有独特的物理和化学性质,它对于烃类物质生成和运移都具有重要的意义。在地球内部,水与无机矿物作用产生H2或者O2,对C-O-H流体平衡存在影响,这是烃类物质形成和稳定的重要因素。地球内部高温高压水热流体一方面为有机反应提供高效的介质,另一方面它直接作为反应物与碳酸盐和金属碳化物反应生成烃类物质。对于地球早期有机物形成和水热条件下有机物的主要合成反应——费托反应,其重要的成烃物质H2主要由水与矿物作用产生,这是目前较为认同的地球内部无机成烃的重要方式。Water widely exists in the deep Earth interior. Owing to high temperature and high pressure, it presents many unique physical and chemical properties, and it is of great significance in abiotic formation of hydrocarbons and in their migration. The generation of H2 or O2 resulted from the reaction of water with inorganic mineral has great impact on the equilibrium of C-O-H fluid, which plays an important role in the origination and stability of hydrocarbons in the deep earth. The hydrothermal fluids not only provide excellent solvent for organic reactions, but also participate in the reaction with carbonates or metal carbide to generate hydrocarbons. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is an important mechanism for prebiotic origin of organic compounds and hydrothermal organic geochemical reaction. The main source of Hz to Fischer-Tropsch reaction is generated from the reaction of mineral with water, which is the important way of abiotic formation of hydrocarbons.

关 键 词：地球内部水 高温高压 无机成烃 

分 类 号：P599[天文地球—地球化学] P618.11[天文地球—地质学]