不同植物篱模式下土壤物理变化及其减流减沙效应研究  

Changes of Soil Physical Properties, Runoff and Soil Erosion Under Different Hedgerow System

作　　者：彭熙[1] 李安定[1] 李苇洁[1] 卢兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州科学院贵州省喀斯特资源与环境发展研究中心,贵阳550001

出　　处：《土壤》2009年第1期107-111,共5页Soils

基　　金：国家973计划子项目(2006CB403204);贵州省省长专项基金项目(黔省专合字[2007]87);湖南省科技计划项目(湘科计字[2007]103号)资助

摘　　要：生物措施既能改善景观环境,又解决生态问题,是贵州缓解水土流失及农业非点源污染的重要措施。本文主要研究了植物篱模式与非植物篱模式下的土壤物理变化特征及减流减沙效果,分析了各物理量变化的水土保持机理。研究发现,供试的3种植物篱带均形成一定高度的土坎,有梯化坡地的效果,其微地貌变化大小顺序依次为:黄荆(Vitex neg undo)>新银合欢(Leucaw na leucocep hala)>马桑(Coriaria sinica);不同植物篱模式及不同取样位置的土壤样品体积质量(容重)、饱和导水率、雨水入渗速率及自然含水率均有较大差异,且各物理量之间有紧密关系;不同植物篱模式均有较明显的减流减沙效果,且植物篱对减少土壤侵蚀量的效果比减少径流更明显,其效果依次为免耕覆膜植物篱>植物篱>传统模式。Biologic measures can improve the landscape environment and solve ecological problems. It is an important method in alleviating soil erosion and agricultural non-point pollution. This article mainly studied the changes of soil physical property, runoff and soil erosion under hedgerow systems, and also discussed the corresponding mechanism of water and soil conservation. We discovered that micro-physiognomy and gradient changes under all the three kinds of hedgerow systems is in the order of Vitex neg undo 〉 L eucaw na leucocep hala 〉 Coriaria sinicathe; and the bulk density, the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the infiltrate ratio changes obviously under different hedgerow system and sampling location. Each Hedgerow system can reduce effectively runoff and soil erosion, which is in the order of the tectorial hedgerow without ploughs〉 the hedgerow 〉 the traditional system. The hedgerow can reduce the soil erosion more obviously than runoff.

关 键 词：植物篱 物理量 水土流失 机理 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学] S157.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]