科尔沁沙地灌丛改造的工程措施及效果  

Engineering measures and their effects on transformation of shrubs in Horqin Sandy Land

作　　者：蒋德明[1] 唐毅[1,2] 李晓兰[1,2] 押田敏雄[3] 李明[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态所,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [3]日本麻布大学兽医学部,神奈川229

出　　处：《辽宁工程技术大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第1期131-133,共3页Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Natural Science)

基　　金：国家“十一五”科技支撑计划(2006BAD26B0401);国家林业局荒漠化监测项目(00-08-05)

摘　　要：为了发挥沙生灌木防风固沙和改善生态环境的更大的作用,采用了围封、平茬和补植等工程措施对沙生灌木进行了改造,其改造结果表明:围封2.5年后,所有灌木植物的地上生物量、平均株高和基径均有明显增加,以小黄柳(salix gordejevii)增长最大,围封是未围封的4倍;平茬当年生长量非常明显,地上生物量接近或超过未平茬的植株,未平茬的年生长高度均小于平茬;直播、植苗和扦插是增加灌木分布和覆盖面积的较好的方法,补植2～3年后,随着草本植物的入侵,沙面开始稳定。经过改造,可以增加植物覆盖度,提高灌木和草本生长量,达到改善生态环境的效果。Sand shrubs are the important plants for wind break. In order to have the effect on sand fixation and improvement of ecological environment, the engineering measures including sand dune enclosure, stump and replacement are taken to transform the sand shrubs. After 2.5 years of enclosure, the aboveground biomass, average plant height and basal diameter of all shrubs increase significantly. The aboveground biomass of salix gordejevii of enclosure is 4 times as much as that of unenclosure. The increments are obvious in current year after stump. The aboveground biomass of stump is close to or exceed that of unstump. The year growth height of unstump is less than that of stump; direct seeding, planting and cottage are the methods of increasing the distribution of shrubs and coverage area. After 2-3 years of replacement, the sand dune begin to become stable with the encroachment of herbs. It is concluded that the engineering measures taken on the shrubs could increase plant coverage, improve the increment of shrubs and herbs and have significant effects on ecological environment.

关 键 词：沙地灌丛 改造效果 地上生物量 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]