HIV-1夫妻间传播的回顾性队列研究  

Retrospective cohort study on transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 between spouses

作　　者：陈素良[1] 赵宏儒[1] 张玉琪[1] 赵翠英[1] 李保军[1] 苗香芬[1] 白广义[1] 梁良[1] 陈志强[1] 回延良[1] 路新利[1] 朱建国 张延平 靳广生 李晓梅 储俊武 孙德贵[4] 

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心,石家庄050021 [2]沙河市疾病预防控制中心,河北沙河054100 [3]永清县疾病预防控制中心,河北永清302650 [4]固安县疾病预防控制中心,河北固安102700

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2009年第1期21-23,共3页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

摘　　要：目的研究艾滋病病毒Ⅰ型(HIV-1)的夫妻间传播率,为预防控制性传播提供科学依据。方法在某农村地区,2000-2007年陆续发现的110对配偶一方为HIV-1感染者,均为1990-1997年间一次性输血而感染,无其他感染因素,感染后与配偶无保护性生活7.51年,感染者的配偶否认除夫妻无保护性传播以外的艾滋病传播因素。对感染者配偶用酶联免疫吸附试验和免疫印迹试验(Western-blot)检测HIV抗体。结果HIV-1的夫妻间传播率为17.3%,年均传播率为2.3%。其中妻子传给丈夫的概率为19.1%,平均年感染机率2.7%;丈夫传给妻子的概率为9.5%,平均年感染机率1.1%。无保护性生活时间越长、妻子感染时丈夫的年龄越小感染率越高,测算夫妻间每次无保护性交的感染机率为0.024%～0.032%。HIV阳性妻子每次无保护性交传染给丈夫的机率是0.028%～0.037%;HIV阳性丈夫每次无保护性交传染给妻子的机率是0.011%～0.015%。结论在夫妻一方感染日期明确、夫妻无保护性生活年限明确的情况下,得到的HIV-1的夫妻传播率,对预防控制艾滋病性传播具有重要的指导意义。Objective To study the transmission rate of human immunodeficiency virus type Ⅰ （HIV-1） between wives and husbands and provide scientific data for the prevention and control of HIV sexual transmission. Methods One hundred and ten married couples in a rural area were surveyed between 2000 and 2007,of whom either husbands or wives were infected with HIV-1 through one- time blood transfusion from 1990 to 1997. They denied other ways of HIV trans- mission,but admitted having unprotected sex between them in the past 7 years after the infection. Their serum specimens were tested for HIV-1 antibody by ELISA and Western-blot. Results Transmission rate of HIV-1 between spouses was 17.3 % and the average annual transmission rate was 2.3 %, of which 19.1% were from wives to husbands with an aver- age annual probability of 2.7 % and 9.5 % were vice verse with an average annual probability of 1.1%. The longer un- protected sex between the spouses and the younger husbands when wives got infected with HIV-1, the higher transmission rate between them. It was calculated that the probability of infection due to unprotected sex between the spouses was 0. 024 % - 0. 032 % ; the probability of transmission to husbands by infected wives through each unprotected sex was 0.028% -0. 037%, while that to wives by infected husbands through each unprotected sex was 0. 011% -0. 015 %. Conclusion The HIV-1 transmission rate between spouses will have important significance for the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS infection only if the date when either husbands or wives get infected is clear and the length of unprotected sex between them is made known.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒Ⅰ型 夫妻传播 概率 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]