盆栽条件下三种植物对污染土壤中放射性铯的吸收试验  

UPTAKE OF RADIOCESIUM BY THREE PLANTS GROWN IN ^(134)Cs CONTAMINATED SOIL UNDER POT EXPERIMENT CONDITION

作　　者：郑洁敏[1,2] 李红艳[2,3] 牛天新[1] 唐世荣[4] 陈子元[2] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市农业科学研究院,浙江杭州310024 [2]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院原子核农业科学研究所,浙江杭州310029 [3]济宁市环保局,山东济宁272100 [4]农业部环境保护科研检测所生态毒理与环境修复研究中心,天津300191

出　　处：《核农学报》2009年第1期123-127,共5页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1999011800)

摘　　要：温室盆栽条件下,在134Cs污染土壤中移栽酸模、戟叶酸模和向日葵3种植物,对其地上部放射性铯积累量的动态变化进行了研究。结果表明,向日葵地上部生物量显著高于酸模和戟叶酸模;处理50d时,向日葵地上部134Cs比活度在3种植物中达到最高,而在处理70d时,酸模地上部134Cs的比活度达到最高;处理70d时,酸模、戟叶酸模和向日葵对134Cs的富集系数均大于1,分别达到1.5、1.4和1.3,且前2种植物继续保持快速上升的趋势。3种植物对铯污染土壤具有一定的忍耐性和较强的从土壤向植物转移铯的能力;在本试验期内(70d)向日葵对土壤中放射性铯的剔除能力最强,而酸模和戟叶酸模则具有更强的铯转移能力。因此,3种植物可用于放射性铯污染土壤的修复;同时,对于放射性铯和重金属复合污染的土壤也具有修复潜力。Pot experiment was conducted to investigate the accumulation dynamics of ^134Cs in shoots of Rumex acetosa, Rumex hastatus and Helianthus annuus grown in ^134Cs contaminated soil under greenhouse condition. Results showed that shoot biomass of H. annuus was significantly higher than that of R. acetosa and R. hastatus ; among 3 plant species,^134Cs specific activity in shoots was the highest in H. annuus after treatment for 50 days, however after treatment for 70 days, that in R. acetosa was the highest. Bioaceumulation ratio reached 1.5, 1.4 and 1.3 in R. acetosa, R. hastatus and H. annuus at the end of experiment, respectively, and the former two plants kept with trend of continuously increasing during the experiment period. Three plants were tolerant to ^134Cs contaminated soil and capable to translocate ,^134Cs from soil to plants. Among them, H. annuus removed greatest ^134Cs amount in the above ground part, and R. acetosa, R. hastatus showed higher tranclocation factor of Cs than H. annuus. Three plants are promising for phytoremediation of soil contaminated with radiocesium, and also could be used for phytoremediation of radiocesium and heavy metals complex contamination, potentially.

关 键 词：酸模 戟叶酸模 向日葵 ^134CS 植物修复 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]