基于GIS的广州市土地利用遥感动态监测与变化分析  

The Dynamic Monitoring of Land Use Change in Guangzhou Based on RS and GIS

作　　者：钟凯文[1,2] 孙彩歌[2,3] 解靓[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]广州地理研究所,广州510070 [2]广东省遥感与地理信息应用重点实验室,广州510070 [3]中科院广州地球化学研究所,广州510640

出　　处：《地球信息科学》2009年第1期111-116,共6页Geo-information Science

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(6020300);广东重点引导科研计划项目(2007A060303009)

摘　　要：以1997、2003年广州市的Landsat TM影像为基本数据源,在遥感和地理信息系统处理软件的支持下,经过几何纠正、图像裁剪和图像增强处理后,采用最大似然比法结合人工目视解译对影像进行了识别分类,获得了广州市两个时相的土地利用分类数据,并进行了分类精度评价。然后建立了土地利用转移矩阵,并利用数值统计的方法,从不同角度分析了1997～2003年广州市土地利用变化的过程,包括土地利用变化的数量、速度、空间转移及其区域差异等。另外,经济发展、人口的增长、城市化建设等因素是广州市土地利用变化的主要驱动力。Change detection was a technique which was used to determine the change information between two or more time periods of a particular object of the study area. Because of the advantages of macroscopic information, timeliness, periodicity and comprehensive nature, remote sensing has been popular in land use study. The land use change can be monitored quickly, objectively and precisely. In this paper, detailed introduction about the classification process of land use in Guangzhou is gaven a supported by RS and GIS software using the data of Landsat TM of 1997 and 2003. After being geometric corrected, subseted and enhanced, the images are classified into 9 classes as farmland, orchard, forest, disk-pond, urban and rural land, developing area, river, lake and un- used land by using maximum likelihood classifier. The total classification accuracy was 85.4% for 2003 and 87.2% for 1997 respectively. And then the mathematic method is used to analyze the change of land use by the conversion matrix of land use between 1997 and 2003. Through the above analysis, the article draws the following conclusions ： 1 ） In 2003, the areas of orchard, forest land and rural land have higher percentage than the others in Guangzhou. And the areas of 9 types of land use are distributed unevenly in all the regions with obvious difference. 2） The characteristic of the change on the structure of land use in Guangzhou from 1997 to 2003 is that the change of farmland and forest land is not obvious while area of disk-pond and unused land decreases, orchard and that of urban and rural land and newly development zone increases. 3） The change rate of newly development zone and urban and rural land is the highest followed by orchard and pond. 4） Regional difference in land use change is obvious, and displays a dissimilar transformation situation for each type of the land use in space.

关 键 词：遥感 分类 土地利用/覆盖变化 广州市 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]