不同等级医院护士职业暴露安全防护相关情况的调查  

Survey Research on Occupational Exposure and Security Protection of Nurses in Different Hospitals

作　　者：孙璟怡[1] 缪静波[1] 金艳[1] 魏帆[1] 沈琳[1] 许敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院护理部,上海200025

出　　处：《解放军护理杂志》2009年第4期16-19,共4页Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的了解不同等级医院临床护士对职业暴露安全防护知识的认知、接受相关知识培训状况及自身免疫接种行为,为开展针对性的职业暴露预防教育和行为干预提供依据。方法采用自制职业暴露安全防护相关情况调查表对相关等级两所医院的273名护士进行问卷调查。结果(1)三级医院临床护士职业暴露安全防护知识的知晓率明显高于二级医院临床护士(P<0.01)。(2)三级医院临床护士接受职业暴露防护知识培训明显高于二级医院临床护士(P<0.01),而两所医院护士需要接受相关教育的需求无差异(P>0.05)。(3)三级医院临床护士受到职业暴露次数明显高于二级医院临床护士(P<0.01)。(4)三级医院临床护士自身免疫接种率明显低于二级医院临床护士(P<0.05)。结论多层次多形式多渠道地加强临床护士职业暴露安全防护知识的教育、增强防护意识、提高免疫接种率,是减少职业暴露危害的重要措施。Objective To confirm the understanding of occupational exposure and security protection,acceptance of the relevant knowledge and training and the immunization status about the overall nurses as the basis for carrying out targeted education about the preventive occupational exposure and behavior intervention. Methods Self-designed questionnaire about the occupational exposure was conducted on 273 nurses from two hospitals. Results （1） The nurses from 3-level Clinical Hospital have a richer knowledge about occupational exposure and security protection than those from 2-level hospital （P〈0. 01）. （2）The training of security protection about the occupational exposure in 3-level Clinical Hospital is obviously higher than that of 2-level hospital （P 〈 0. 01）. However, there should be no differential between those two hospitals about the demand of accepting the related education（ P 〉0.05）. （3）The number of nurses from 3-level Clinical Hospital that suffer the occupational exposure was obviously higher than that of two-level hospital （P 〈 0.01）. （4）The own immunization rate of the nurses from 3-level Clinical Hospital was significantly lower than that of two-level hospital nurses（ P 〈0.05）. Conclusion Enhancing the clinical nurses＇ education of occupational exposure protection, strengthening protection awareness and improving the efficiency of immunization by multi-level, multi-channel and multi-form is the essence of reducing the occupational exposure.

关 键 词：职业暴露 安全防护 医院等级 调查 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]