汽车尾气对大鼠肺脏的氧化应激和遗传毒性作用  

Oxidative Damage and Genotoxicity in Lung of Rat Induced by the Extracts of Condensate,Particulates and Semivolatile Organic Compounds from Gasoline Engine Exhaust

作　　者：车望军[1,2] 张栗[1] 吴媚[1] 张遵真[1] 洪琪(校对) 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院环境卫生教研室,四川成都610041 [2]昆明市疾病预防控制中心公卫一科,云南昆明650228 [3]不详

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2009年第1期30-33,共4页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:30571535)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨汽车尾气对大鼠肺脏生物大分子的氧化损伤作用。[方法]将汽车尾气的颗粒物、冷凝物和半挥发性有机物的二氯甲烷提取物(extracts of gasoline engine exhaust,EGE)减压挥干后用二甲亚砜(dimethylsulfoxide,DMSO)定容到200L/mL。将40只SD大鼠分为5组,每组8只。以DMSO为溶剂对照,以汽车尾气0、5.6、16.7、50.0L/kg的剂量经气管滴注染毒,每周1次,共4次,末次染毒24h后处死,测定肺脏脏器系数以及肺组织内丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)和羰基蛋白(carbonyl protein,CP)含量以及超氧化物岐化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)活力;并用彗星试验检测肺组织细胞中DNA的损伤程度。[结果]各组动物体重和肺脏脏器系数与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);16.7、50.0L/kg剂量组肺组织中MDA含量分别达到了4.57、4.48nmol/mg蛋白,故对照组明显升高(P<0.05);CP含量在50.0L/kg剂量组为8.91μmol/mg蛋白,较对照组明显增加(P<0.05);SOD和GSH-Px活力在50.0L/kg剂量组分别为1697.61NU/mg蛋白和14.80U/mg蛋白,与对照组比较均明显降低(P<0.05)。在16.7L/kg和50.0L/kg组,肺组织细胞的拖尾率与对照组比较均明显增加(P<0.05),但各组尾长的增加无统计学意义。[结论]汽车尾气可诱导大鼠肺组织生物大分子的氧化损伤和DNA单链断裂。[ Objective ] To determine the effects of the extracts of condensate, particulates and semivolatile organic compounds from gasoline engine exhaust（ EGE ）on organ coefficient, oxidative stress and DNA damage in lung of rat. [ Methods ] The organic extracts of EGE were adjusted into 200 L exhaust/mL DMSO （ V/V ） as stock solution. 40 SD rats were divided into 5 groups, 8 rats each. Using DMSO as the solvent control, the organic extracts of EGE stock solution were intratrachealy instilled into rats＇ lung at the concentrations of equivalent to 0, 5.6, 16.7, and 50.0 L exhaust/kg body weight in different group respectively, once a week for a month. The weight of body and lung, malondialdehyde and carbony] protein contents, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in long tissue were measured. In addition, the DNA damage was determined by comet assay. [ Results ] The weight gain and relative organ coefficients of lung of the rat treated with various concentrations of EGE showed no significant difference compared with the control. In comparison with the solvent group, at the concentrations of 16.7 and 50.0L/kg, the MDA contents were respectively 4.57, 4.48 nmol/mg protein, which increased significantly （P 〈 0.05 ）. But for CP, the increase was significant only at the dose of 50.0L/kg（ 8.91 μmol/mg protein ）. On the contrary, the activities of SOD and GSH-Px at the dose of 50.0 L/kg were 1 697.61 NU/mg protein and 14.80 U/mg protein, which decreased significantly compared with the solvent （ P 〈 0.05 ）. In comet assay, at the doses of 16.7 L/kg and 50.0 L/kg, the rates of tailed cells increased significantly compared with the solvent （ P 〈 0.05 ）. However for the tail lengths, there were no statistical differences among the test groups and the solvent. [ Conclusion ] Gasoline engine exhaust could enhance oxidative stress and induce DNA damage in lung of rat.

关 键 词：汽车尾气 氧化应激 肺 大鼠 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]