山东潮土高产农田的供磷特性  

Study on Phosphorus Supplying Characteristics of High-yielding Field with Fluvo-aquic Soil in Shandong Province

作　　者：刘继永[1] 陈文 刘波[3] 王健 孟庆华[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东棉花研究中心,山东济南250100 [2]济阳县仁凤农技站,山东济阳251414 [3]安丘市农业局,山东安丘262100 [4]山东省土壤肥料总站,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2009年第2期50-53,57,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家农业科技成果转化资金项目(2007GB2C600173)

摘　　要：潮土表层土壤中全磷以无机磷为主,无机磷中以Ca-P为主,Ca-P中又以Ca10-P为主,有机磷中以MLOP(中度活性有机磷)含量最高;灰色关联分析结果表明,潮土中的Ca2-P、A l-P、Ca8-P和LOP(活性有机磷)的相对有效性较高。潮土吸附和固定的主要基质是物理性粘粒,其次是CaCO3;解吸则主要受物理性粘粒的影响。潮土的3种磷酸化酶以碱性磷酸化酶的活性最高;有机解磷细菌数量大于无机解磷细菌数量,土壤微生物转化有机磷强度大于转化无机磷强度。高产农田的有效磷、缓效磷、Ca2-P含量均极显著高于中低产田,有机质、A l-P、供磷强度均显著高于中低产田;3种磷酸化酶的活性、解磷细菌数量和土壤微生物转化有机磷和无机磷强度,高产田均高于中低产田;高产农田比中低产田对磷的吸附能力强,固磷能力差异不显著,对吸附磷的解吸较易。In the surface of fluvo - aquic soil in Shandong Province, the inorganic P was the main form of total P, Ca - P was the main form of inorganic P, Ca10 - P was the main form of Ca - P, and MLOP was the main form of organic P. The grey relational analysis results showed that Ca2 - P, A1 - P, Cas - P and LOP were the more available P forms in fluvo - aquic soil. The adsorption and fixation systems in fluvo - aquic soil were mainly controlled by clay （P 〈0. 01 ） and CaCO3, but the releasing system was mainly affected by clay （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The dominant phosphatase was the alkaline phosphatase. The amount of organic P - solubilizing bacteria was larger than that of inorganic P - solubilizing bacteria, so the intensity of organic P - translation was higher than that of inorganic P - translation. Compared with the middle - and low - yielding field, high - yielding field had the significantly higher contents of available P, slow releasing P and Ca2 - P （P 〈 0. 01 ）, significantly higher contents of organic matter, A1 - P and P supplying intensity （ P 〈 0. 05）, higher activity of three phosphatases and intensity of P - translation, and larger amount of P - solubilizing bacteria. The P adsorption capacity of high - yielding field was higher than that of the middle - and low - yielding field, but there was no significant difference between them in P fixation ability, so the desorption of P in high - yielding field was easier.

关 键 词：山东 潮土 土壤磷素 供磷特性 

分 类 号：S512.101[农业科学—作物学] S512.1