灌溉与旱作条件下源库关系对小麦籽粒淀粉粒度分布的调节效应  

Effect of source-sink regulation on grain starch granule distribution in irrigated and rainfed wheats

作　　者：邬云海[1] 尹燕枰[1] 刘娟[1] 蔡瑞国[1] 闫素辉[1] 耿庆辉[1] 马东[1] 王振林[1] 

机构地区：[1]作物生物学国家重点实验室/山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《生态学报》2009年第2期832-839,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30571099);教育部博士学科点科研基金资助项目(20060434006);教育部长江学者与创新团队发展计划资助项目(IRT0635)

摘　　要：在灌溉和旱作两种栽培条件下,研究了源库关系对小麦籽粒淀粉粒度分布特征的影响。结果表明,山农8355（大穗型）各处理A型淀粉粒体积分布、表面积分布百分比成熟期较灌浆中期明显提高,灌溉栽培条件下增幅分别在17.65%-22.88%、35.8%-39.05%,旱作栽培条件下增幅分别在1.46%-2.82%、7.05%-8.12%;山农8355各处理B型淀粉粒体积分布、表面积分布百分比成熟期较灌浆中期明显降低,灌溉栽培条件下降幅分别在34.78%-40.47%、11.73%-13.77%,旱作栽培条件下降幅分别在5.08%-7.67%、2.52%-3.43%。济南17（多穗型）各处理下成熟期与灌浆中期的A、B淀粉粒体积分布、表面积分布百分比,其变化趋势与山农8355相同,其中A型淀粉粒灌溉栽培条件下增幅分别在1.56%-5.98%、2.96%-9.92%,旱作栽培条件下增幅分别在1.76%-4.52%、1.28%-8.63%;B型淀粉粒灌溉栽培条件下降幅分别在3.46%-12.27%、1.02%-4.18%,旱作栽培条件下增幅分别在5.31%-9.87%、0.58%-3.13%。在灌溉和旱作栽培条件下源库调节对两品种A、B型淀粉粒粒度分布的影响趋势表现为,减源处理A型淀粉粒较同期同品种对照处理的体积分布、表面积分布百分比显著提高,减库处理较同期同品种对照处理显著降低,B型淀粉粒粒度分布变化趋势则与之相反。To investigate the effect of source-sink regulation on the distribution of starch granule size, two typical wheat （Triticum aestivum L. ） cultivars, Shannong8355 （large-spike type） and Jinanl7 （multi-spike type） were planted under both irrigated and rainfed conditions at the Tai＇an Experimental Farm of Shandong Agricultural University in 2006 --2007 growth season. Results indicated that the percentages of volume and surface area of A-type starch granules in mature grain were obviously higher than those in mid-filling stage in both cultivars. Under irrigated conditions, the increased rates of volume and surface area of A-type starch granules were 17. 65% -- 22. 88% , 35. 8% -- 39. 05% , respectively, in Shannong8355, and 1. 56% -- 5. 98% corresponding rates were 1.46% -- 2.82% 2. 96%- 9. 92%, respectively, in Jinanl7. Under rainfed conditions, the , 7.05% -- 8. 12% , respectively, in Shannong8355, and 1.76% -- 4.52% , 1.28%--8.63% , respectively, in Jinan17. On the contrary, either in irrigated or in rainfed cultivation condition, the volume and surface area of B-type starch granules in mature grain had markedly lower percentages than those in mid-filling stage in both cultivars. The alteration of source-sink relation resulted in the noticeable changes of grain starch granule distribution in both cuhivation conditions. The percentages of volume and surface area of A-type starch significantly enhanced by the removal of flag leaf and decreased by the removal of half spikelets. As for granules, the removal of flag leaf resulted in the decreases in the percentages of volume and surface area, and granules were B-type starch the significant enhance of the percentages of volume and surface area occurred due to the removal of half spikelets.

关 键 词：小麦 源库关系 淀粉粒 粒度分布 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]