哈尔滨城市人工林天然更新组成结构与年龄结构  

Species composition and Age Structure for Natural Regeneration of Urban Plantations in Harbin

作　　者：孙景波[1] 佟静秋[1] 牟长城[2] 常方圆[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学林学院

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2009年第2期16-18,21,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

摘　　要：采用样地网格调查方法和年轮分析法,研究了哈尔滨市6种城市人工林群落(落叶松林、白桦林、水曲柳林、胡桃楸林、黄波罗林和樟子松林)的更新数量、更新树种组成结构和更新幼树年龄结构,以便定量评价其天然更新效果,揭示其自然化过程,探讨城市人工林自然化经营模式。结果表明:6种城市人工林群落天然更新数量分布在4650～42934株/hm2之间,均达到了一般更新造林的标准(4444株/hm2);6种城市人工林群落更新幼树均是由水曲柳、黄波罗、家榆、糖槭、蒙古栎和胡桃楸所组成,但各群落更新优势种或共优种却存在较大的差异性;6种城市人工林群落更新幼树的年龄结构均是以1～10年生占绝对优势地位(77.27%～99.14%),并以水曲柳更新占优势,11～20年生占次要地位(0.60%～17.85%),以水曲柳、黄波罗和家榆更新占优势,而21～30年生相对较少(0.26%～6.25%),以黄波罗和家榆更新占优势;依据群落更新幼树的组成结构与年龄结构,提出了6种城市人工林群落的近自然经营模式。An experiment was conducted to study the species composition and age structure for natural regeneration of six urban plantation types, such as Dahurian larch, Asian white birch, Manchurian ash, Manchurian walnut, Amur corktree, Mongolian pine, by means of line transect method and annual ring method in Harbin, in order to assess the effects of natural regeneration of urban plantations and discuss its natural management modes. Results show that the quantities of natural regeneration of six urban forest species range from 4650 stems to 42 934 stems per hectare, all reaching the general standard of afforestation （4444 stems per hectare）. Natural regeneration tree species are composed of Fraxinus mandshurica, Phel -lodendron amurense, Ulmus pumila, Aeer saccharum, Quercus monglica, Juglans mandshurica in the six plantation communities, but they play different roles in different urban plantation types. Age structure for natural regeneration was charac-terized by 1 -10-year-old trees in the six plantation communities （77.27% -99.14% ） , in which F. mandshurica is the dominant species. 11 -20-year-old trees in the six plantation communities occupy the second place （0.60% -17.85% ）, in which F.mandshurica, P. amurertse and U. pumila are dominated, while 21-30-year-old trees are much less （0.26%-6.25%） , which dominated by P. amurense and U. pumila. A near natural management mode for the six types of urban plantations is put forward based on the research.

关 键 词：城市人工林 天然更新 组成结构 年龄结构 近自然经营模式 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]