保护地土壤盐分积累及其离子组成对土壤pH值的影响  

Effects of soil salinity accumulating and ion constitution on pH in the soil of protected field

作　　者：范庆锋[1] 张玉龙[1] 陈重[1] 王丽娜[1] 娄翼来[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,农业部东北土壤与环境重点开放实验室,辽宁沈阳110161 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2009年第1期16-20,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：辽宁省重大农业攻关项目(2006215005);辽宁省教育厅资助项目(05L386);辽宁省教育厅创新团队资助项目(2007T156)

摘　　要：在沈阳市于洪地区采集保护地土壤样品,测定土壤盐分含量、离子组成和土壤pH值,研究保护地土壤盐分积累及其与土壤pH值变化的关系。结果表明:(1)保护地土壤的盐分含量和电导率均明显高于露地土壤,露地土壤平均盐分含量为0.29 g/kg,改为保护地10年左右土壤的平均含盐量上升至1.56 g/kg,相应的电导率(EC)值达到0.53 mS/cm,已超过作物的生育障碍临界点(EC>0.50 mS/cm);(2)保护地土壤酸化趋势明显,建成保护地栽培蔬菜6年,土壤pH值从6.5降低至5.5以下,超过了蔬菜出现生理障碍的临界土壤pH值(5.52),保护地土壤酸化与土壤的次生盐渍化已成为限制当地保护地生产可持续发展的重要因素;(3)保护地土壤NO3-、SO42-、Cl-和Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+等盐基离子含量均较露地土壤大大增加,但HCO3-低于露地土壤或与露地土壤持平,NO3-、SO42-数量与土壤pH值下降关系密切,Ca2+、Na+在全盐中的相对比例下降也是导致土壤pH值下降的重要原因。The relationship of soil salinity accumulating and pH was studied by measuring salinity content, ion constitution and pH in the soil of protected field in Shenyang of Liaoning Province. The results indicated： （1） The salinity content and EC value in the soil of protected field were much higher than those in the corre- sponding open field. The average of the salinity content was 0.29 g/kg in open field soil and 1.56 g/kg in protected field. Corresponding EC had exceeded the scope of that was 0.53 mS/cm. （2） Soil acidification took on a clear trend of increase after protected field had been set up, and soil pH declined from 6.5 to 5.5 six years after protected field had been set up. The pH value of 5.52 was a critical point when vegetables appeared physical obstacles. （3）Apart from HCO3- , the content of NO3-, SO42-, Cl-,Ca2＋, Mg2＋, K＋ and Na＋ increased significantly in protected field. The soil pH had a close relationship with the content of NO3- and SO4^2- . It was an important factor that the proportion of Ca2＋ and Na＋ to total salts was decreased which caused soil acidification.

关 键 词：保护地土壤 土壤盐渍化 土壤酸化 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学] S153.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]