气候变化与人类活动对共和盆地生态环境的影响  

Climate change and human activities of Gonghe Basin and its impact on eco-environment

作　　者：郭连云[1] 丁生祥 汪青春[3] 

机构地区：[1]青海省海南州气象局,青海共和813000 [2]青海省同德县气象局,青海同德813201 [3]青海省气候中心,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2009年第1期219-226,共8页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：中国气象局气候变化专项项目(ccsf2007-28);国家自然科学基金项目(40665002);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD26B10)

摘　　要：利用共和盆地共和、贵南2个气象站1961~2006年46年逐月平均气温和降水量资料,分析了年和四季的气候特征及气候变化趋势,并对气候突变进行了检验。结果表明：近46年来共和盆地表现出气温升高、降水量呈微弱增加、地表蒸发量增大的变化趋势,并且在20世纪90年代后期变化趋势更加明显。这种气候变化趋势加速了共和盆地草地退化和沙化,同时人类活动又加剧了共和盆地草地的退化和沙化趋势。Gonghe Basin is located in the upper reach of the Yellow River and is the source of the River. In the recent several dozens of years, degeneration is serious in the area and the desertification development is extremely bad. The worsening of the local ecological environment is directly threatening the normal work of Longyang Xia reservoir, and it also causes the worsening of ecological environment of the Qinghai Lake. Statistical data of monthly average temperature and precipitation from 2 weather stations in Gonghe Basin and Guinan from 1961--2006 are used to analyze the annual and seasonal climate characteristics and the climatic change tendency, and examination is carried on to the climate sudden change. The results indicate that, in the nearly 46 years, there is a tendency of temperature ascension, slight precipitation increase and transpiration rate increases in the Gonghe Basins, and the tendency is more obvious in late 1990s. This kind of climatic change tendency has accelerated the degeneration and the desertification of the basin. At the same time, under climate warm desiccation background, the human＇s activities intensify such a tendency.

关 键 词：共和盆地 草地 气候暖干化 草地沙化 

分 类 号：S161[农业科学—农业气象学]