樱桃透光和郁闭树冠相对光照强度及其果实品质和产量的差异  

The Differences Between Relative Light Intensity and Yield,Quality in Two Canopy of Sweet Cherry

作　　者：王小伟[1] 尚志华[1] 张强[1] 魏钦平[1] 刘军[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《园艺学报》2009年第2期157-162,共6页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：北京市农委项目20060111

摘　　要：以13年生‘红灯’甜樱桃(Prunus avium L.)为试材,应用树冠分格方法,研究了树冠透光和郁闭两种冠型内相对光照强度及其果实品质和产量的差异,以及相对光照强度与果实产量品质的关系。结果表明,两种树冠内相对光照强度均自下而上逐渐增高,透光和郁闭树冠小于30%的相对光照区域分别占树冠总体积的25.23%和52.78%。透光树冠果实分布均匀,主要集中在树冠1.5～2.5m的高度;而郁闭树冠果实分布差异较大,主要在树冠的外围和上部;产量分别是9.02t.hm-2和3.53t.hm-2。果实品质因素与相对光照强度的回归分析表明:樱桃单果质量、果实硬度、果实可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、固酸比最佳的相对光照强度值分别为76.52%、46.84%、100.00%、41.63%和75.77%。The method of space subarea and dynamic monitor of relative light intensity within sunlight and overcrowed canopy of the 13-year-old trees of ＇ Hongdeng＇ sweet cherry were applied to study the distributive difference of relative light intensity, yield and quality, and relationships between relative light intensity and quality. The results showed that the relative light intensity increased gradually from bottom to top, the percent proportion of 〈 35% relative light intensity in volume of canopy were separately 25.23% and 52. 78%. The distribution of fruit were uniform and centered on 1.5 - 2. 5 m height in the sunlight canopy, while that were difference and outer positions of the canopy in the overcrowed canopy, and the yields were 9.02 t ·hm^-2 and 3.53 t ·hm^-2 in sunlight and overerowed canopy respectively. The regression analysis of the relationship between relative light intensity and fruit quality factors were used to obtain optimum relative light intensity values that mean fruit mass, fruit firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acid and TSS/TA were 76. 52% 46.84% , 100. 00% , 41.63% and 75.77% , respectively.

关 键 词：樱桃 冠层 相对光照强度 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S662.5[农业科学—果树学]