L-B型制动梁材质Q460E钢中魏氏组织的研究  

Study on the Widmanstatten Structure in Q460E Steel Used for L—B Brake Beam

作　　者：项彬[1] 肖利民[2] 宋子濂[1] 温宝利 刘鑫贵[1] 秦晓峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所,北京100081 [2]齐齐哈尔铁路车辆(集团)有限责任公司热工艺部,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161002

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2009年第1期96-102,共7页China Railway Science

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2007J026)

摘　　要：针对铁路货车L—B型制动梁使用的Q460E钢中出现魏氏组织的问题,选用不同热处理温度和冷却方式组合设计了6个系列试验研究方案,使用金相显微镜、扫描电镜等微观分析手段,研究魏氏组织的形态特征、形成规律和生成机理。在定量计算魏氏组织面积的基础上,建立Q460E钢的力学性能指标与魏氏组织的定量关系,重点揭示魏氏组织含量对Q460E钢低温冲击性能的影响。研究结果表明:本质上Q460E钢中的魏氏组织是由微合金化元素的碳氮化合物固溶较多区域生成的先析铁素体和其周围珠光体共同组成的混合组织;Q460E钢在正火温度条件下的金相组织是铁素体+珠光体+魏氏组织,没有贝氏体。建议依据研究结果编制铁道行业"铁路用Q460E钢魏氏组织金相检验图谱"。In view of the existing widmanstatten structure in Q460E steel used for L--B brake beam of railway freight car, 6 series of experiment research schemes, which were integrated with different heat treatment temperatures and cooling methods, were designed. The pattern feature, form law and mechanism of widmanstatten structure were studied with microcosmic analysis tools of metallographic technology and SEM. The quantitative relation between the mechanical property index of Q460E steel and widmanstatten structure was established based on quantitatively calculating the area of widmanstatten structure. The influence of the content of widmanstatten structure to the low temperature impact property of Q460E steel was emphatically revealed. Results show that widmanstatten structure in Q460E steel is a mixed structure composed of proeutectoid ferrite which is formed in the zone with supersaturating and solid saluted carbonitride of micro alloying elements and pearlite around it. The metallographic structure of Q460E steel under normalizing temperature is ferrite, pearlite and widmanstatten structure, no bainite is detected. According to the results of study above, it is proposed to draw up the metallographic examination graph spectrum of widmanstatten structure in Q460E steel used for railway.

关 键 词：Q460E钢 微合金化 魏氏组织 金相分析 冲击性能 

分 类 号：U270.351[机械工程—车辆工程] U270.41[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]