高危作业监测预警系统的总体设计  

Comprehensive design for monitoring and early warning system on highly-risk occupational hazards at workplace

作　　者：张敏[1] 杜燮祎[1] 李涛[1] 王丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2009年第1期10-15,共6页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家"十一.五"科技支撑计划项目"高危职业危害监测预警与防治关键技术研究"(编号:2006BAK05B02)

摘　　要：为探索高危作业监测预警系统的建立,对风险监测预警系统进行了系统研究,在研究总结其基本原理的基础上,从理论上提出筛选高危作业监测预警指标的原则、要求和方法,进而提出高危作业监测预警的核心技术指标体系的建立及其基本结构和运行模式的总体设计思路,首次提出职业危害控制的先行指标、同步指标和滞后指标,在高危作业监测预警系统中建立信息咨询系统、信息监测系统、风险评估与诊断系统、预防控制与应急救援决策系统等子系统和高危作业监测预警系统基本结构与运行模式。该系统可以科学判断出当前政策、法规、标准、规划,经济贸易的影响及相应需采取的政策调整,在控制、检测、评价、诊断、防护等领域应重点开展的关键技术研究,当前机构、人员、设施、财力等方面的能力建设要求,分析政府、企业、劳动者应采取的主要行为干预。本文逻辑清晰、系统性强、内容全面,可为进一步开展职业病防治工作提供前沿考虑。In order to explore the foundation of the system for monitoring and early warning during highly-risk occupational hazards at workplace, we systemically study the risk monitoring and early warning system. On the basis of research the principle, we give the principle, requirement and method for selecting the indicators of early warning. Furthermore, we put forward on the foundation and basic structure of core technical indicators system and the design idea of operation pattern. In this paper, we first give the leading indicators, coincident indicators and lagging indicators. Also we first give the idea to establish the information consulting system, information monitoring system, risk assessment and diagnosis system, prevention and control and emergency rescue decision system for early warning and describe the basic structure and operation pattern. This system mentioned in this paper will judge the influence by current policies, regulations, standards, plan and economic trade and the corresponding policy adjustment, give the key technical research areas in control, monitor, assessment, diagnosis and protection and the capacity building requirement of mechanism, personnel staff, establishment, finance, and analyses the main intervention action for government, enterprises and labour. This paper has a clear logic, strong systematization and overall content. These will assist the work for occupational diseases prevention and control in front areas.

关 键 词：高危作业 工作场所 监测预警 指标体系 

分 类 号：X924[环境科学与工程—安全科学]