祁连山青海云杉林采伐干扰与恢复过程  

Logging Disturbance and the Restoration Process of Picea crassifolia Forest in Qilian Mountain

作　　者：何志斌[1] 赵文智[1] 张立杰[1] 刘鹄[1] 张智慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国生态系统研究网络临泽内陆河流域综合研究站中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所流域水文及应用生态实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《林业科学》2009年第2期12-16,共5页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40601007);中国科学院"西部之光"项目(O628221001);国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD46B07-01)共同资助

摘　　要：以祁连山青海云杉林为研究对象,以采伐干扰事件后形成的次生林的林分密度、林龄结构特征、空间分布格局以及树木年轮等为数据基础,采用地统计和树木年轮生态学方法,从空间和时间尺度上反演采伐干扰事件和森林群落的演替恢复过程。结果表明:采伐干扰事件后,林分密度呈指数曲线增加(y=237e0.14x,R2=0.97),采伐30a后,林分密度从256株.hm-2增加到1.697万株.hm-2;恢复过程中并无其他树种出现,只是青海云杉林的密度、空间分布格局和林木生长速度发生变化,这表明对于祁连山青海云杉林来说,采伐干扰事件并不会为其他树种成功入侵创造机会;树木年轮分析表明,在9～20a的时间尺度上,采伐干扰事件诱发了林木的生长释放,但在26～45a的时间尺度上,降水和温度控制着林木生长速度。The spatial distribution patterns, stand density, and stand age structure of a Picea crassifolia forest in Qilian Mountain were investigated, and the tree-ring was also measured. All the data were used to reconstruct its disturbance history and restoration via geostatistical methods. The results showed that Picea crassifolia forest density exponentially increased from 256 individual·hm^-2 to 16 966 individual·hm^-2 during the 30 years after logging disturbance （y = 237e0.14x, R^2 = 0.97）. There was no any other tree species appeared during this restoration process, suggesting that logging disturbance created no opportunities for other tree species successfully invading into the study area. Further analysis of the tree-ring data showed that logging disturbance controlled tree growth at the scale of 9-20 years, while precipitation and temperature were the main control factors for the tree growth at the scale of 26-45 years.

关 键 词：采伐干扰 恢复过程 地统计 树木年轮 祁连山 

分 类 号：S754[农业科学—森林经理学]