阿尔金构造带对塔东南油气地质条件的制约  

The Controlling of Altyn Structural Belt on Petroleum Geology of the Southeastern Part of the Tarim Basin,NW China

作　　者：罗金海[1] 雷刚林[2] 刘良[1] 肖中尧[2] 魏红兴[2] 车自成[1] 

机构地区：[1]大陆动力学国家重点实验室／西北大学地质学系,陕西西安710069 [2]中国石油塔里木油田分公司,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《大地构造与成矿学》2009年第1期76-85,共10页Geotectonica et Metallogenia

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)课题(编号2009CB825003)资助

摘　　要：阿尔金构造带包括阿尔金碰撞造山带和阿尔金逆冲-走滑断裂系。阿尔金造山带是塔里木盆地周边已知的最古老的碰撞造山带,以高压-超高压变质作用为标志的峰期碰撞造山作用发生于晚寒武-早奥陶世,这次碰撞造山作用很可能引起相邻塔东南地区的大幅度隆升,导致塔东南地区的中-上奥陶统遭受剥蚀,并使塔东南地区在志留-二叠纪期间总体处于不利于沉积的地质环境,隆升作用也在一定程度上推迟了寒武-奥陶系烃源岩的生排烃时间。从中生代开始的阿尔金逆冲-走滑断裂系错移并改造了阿尔金碰撞造山带,并在阿尔金山和塔东南地区造成了一系列的侏罗纪沉积盆地,这些盆地中沉积了塔东南地区重要的烃源岩和储集岩。阿尔金断裂系的压扭特性容易在断裂两侧形成次生的构造圈闭,隐伏的车尔臣断裂两侧是这种次生构造圈闭发育的有利部位,它们应该是重要的油气勘探区域。柴达木盆地西部阿尔金斜坡带油气勘探的成功经验从侧面说明,塔东南地区的油气勘探应该加强寻找山前冲积扇-水下扇储集体内发育的油气藏,并且在地面油砂附近寻找残存的油气藏。Altyn structural belt consists of collisional orogenic belt and thrusting strike-slip fault systems. Altyn orogenic belt is the oldest collisional orogenic belt around the Tarim basin so far. The peak-stage collisional orogeny characterized by the high-ultrahigh pressure metamorphism took place in the late Cambrian-early Ordovician. Such collisional orogeny likely resulted in uplifting obviously of the adjacent southeastern Tarim basin, and eroding of the Middle and Upper Ordovician strata. As a result, uplifting is not only disadvantageous for sedimentary materials to deposit in the southeastern part of the Tarim basin from Silurian to Permian, but also postdate the time of the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of the Cambrian-Ordovician sources. The displacement of Ahyn nappe-strike slip fault system since the Meozoic modifies the former Altyn collisional orogenic belt, which resulted in the formation of a series of Jurassic sedimentary basins within the Altyn Mountain and the southeastern part of the Tarim basin. Also, the important source and reservoir rocks were deposited in these basins. Transpression of the Altyn fault system easily generates the secondary structural traps near the two flank of fault, for example, both sides of the hidden Che＇erchen faults, are especially propitious to such structural traps. Therefore, these locations are likely potential areas for petroleum exploration. The successful exploration of the Altyn slope zone in the west of the Qaidam basin located to the another side of the Altyn Mountain, may indicates that more attention should be paid to the possible oil-gas pools existing in the fan delta reservoir, and to the possibly remnant oil-gas pools near the oil-soaking sandstones outcropping in the surfaces.

关 键 词：阿尔金构造带 阿尔金碰撞造山带 阿尔金走滑断裂系 柴达木盆地西部阿尔金斜坡带 油气地质条件 

分 类 号：P542[天文地球—构造地质学]