灌浆期遮光对水稻籽粒生长和Q酶活性的影响  

Effects of shading at grain-filling stage on the growth and Q enzyme activity of rice grain.

作　　者：符冠富[1] 李华[2] 陶龙兴[1] 章秀福[1] 王丹英[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所,杭州310006 [2]中国农业科学技术出版社,北京100081

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第3期438-444,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技攻关项目(2006BAD02A13-3-1);浙江省科技计划项目(2005C12024);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD15B03);浙江省科技项目(2008C22073);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(NYHYZX07-001);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30871473)

摘　　要：以"协优9308"和"秀水110"为材料,设计了不遮光、全程遮光和阶段遮光等处理,用Richards方程对不同处理的籽粒灌浆动态进行分析,研究了弱光胁迫对籽粒生长的影响及其与垩白度和直链淀粉含量的关系。结果表明:全程遮光和阶段遮光处理的最终粒质量和最大灌浆速率(GRmax)均随着遮光强度的增加降低,处理间的差异几乎都达显著水平(P<0.05);全程遮光处理对平均灌浆速率、相对起始势以及实灌时间无规律性影响,而阶段遮光处理的平均速率随着遮光强度增加而降低,相对起始势和实际灌浆时间则随之增强,除个别外,处理间的差异均达显著水平(P<0.05);全程遮光处理的Q酶活性、结实率、千粒质量以及直链淀粉含量均随着遮光强度的增大而减少,垩白度则随着遮光强度的增大而增加,且差异在多数处理间达显著水平(P<0.05),但阶段遮光处理对这些指标的影响无规律性;品种间比较,阶段遮光对"协优9308"的结实率、千粒质量、垩白度和直链淀粉含量的影响不大,但对"秀水110"影响较大,总体上看"协优9308"的耐阴性强于"秀水110"。With rice varieties ＂Xieyou 9308＂ and ＂Xiushui 110＂ as test materials, this paper analyzed the effects of non-shading, shading at whole grain-filling stage, and shading at part phases of grain-filling stage on the dynamics of grainfilling, and studied the grain growth and its relations with grain chalkiness degree and amylose content under weak light stress. In shading treatments, the final grain mass and the maximal grain-filling rate （ GRmax ） of the two varieties decreased significantly with increasing shading intensity （P 〈 0.05 ）. Shading at whole grain-filling stage had no general pattern in its effects on the average grain-filling rate, relative initial grain-filling power, and effective filling time; while shading at 15 days or 30 days after flowering decreased the average grain-filling rate but increased the relative initial grain-filling power and effective filling time with the increase of shading intensity （P 〈 0. 05）. In the treatment of shading at whole grain-filling stage, the Q enzyme activity, seed-setting rate, kernel mass, and amylose content of rice grain decreased, and the chalkiness degree increased with increasing shading intensity; while in the treatments of shading at 15 days or 30 days after flowering, these parameters had no general change pattern. Shading at part phases of grain-filling stage had less effects on the seed-setting rate, kernel mass, chalkiness degree, and amylose content of rice variety ＂Xieyou 9308＂, but greater effects on those of ＂Xiushui 110＂, suggesting that ＂Xieyou 9308＂ had higher shade-tolerance than ＂Xiushui 110＂.

关 键 词：水稻 遮光 籽粒灌浆 Q酶活性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]