不同盐度下条石鲷胚胎及卵黄囊仔鱼的形态变化  

Morphological changes of embryo and yolk sac larvae of barred knifejaw (Oplegnathus fascltus) under salinity stress.

作　　者：施兆鸿[1] 彭士明[1] 尹彦强[2] 罗海忠 倪梦麟 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学生命科学学院,上海200090 [3]浙江省舟山市水产研究所,浙江舟山316000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第3期471-476,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：浙江省科技厅重点攻关项目(2006C12005-2);舟山市科技局星火科技计划项目(200603);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资助项目(东2007Z02)

摘　　要：为了研究盐度对条石鲷(Oplegnathus fascltus)胚胎及卵黄囊仔鱼生长发育的影响,将条石鲷的受精卵置于不同盐度的水体中,观察盐度胁迫下条石鲷胚胎的沉浮情况、卵径、油球径、孵化率、畸形率,以及孵化后卵黄囊仔鱼的形态变化和营养物质的消耗状况。结果表明:条石鲷受精卵在盐度25(含25)以下的水体中为沉性,在盐度30(含30)以上的海水中全部漂浮于水表层,在对照组盐度26的水体中大部分胚胎浮在水上层;在水温22.5℃～24.0℃的条件下,条石鲷受精卵经24～30h可孵化成仔鱼,盐度对孵化时间影响不显著(P>0.05);盐度为20～50都能孵出仔鱼,但孵化率和畸形率因盐度不同而有显著差异;综合分析表明,条石鲷受精卵孵化的适合盐度范围为25～35,理论上的最适孵化盐度范围为28.5～30.5;受精卵卵径与孵化盐度呈反比,盐度与卵黄囊被吸收程度呈正比,与全长和体高呈反比,油球径不因盐度不同而改变。To study the effects of salinity on the development of barred knifejaw （Oplegnathus fascltus） embryo and yolk sac larvae, the fertilized eggs of O. fascltus were put in seawater with different salinity, and their buoyancy, diameter, oil globule diameter, hatching rate, abnormality rate as well as the morphological changes and nutrient utilization of yolk sac larvae were observed. The results indicated that the fertilized eggs subsided in seawater at the salinity of 25 or lower, but floated on the seawater surface at the salinity of 30 or higher. Most embryos were buoyant at salinity 26. The larvae were hatched after 24-30 h in seawater at 22. 5 ℃-24. 0℃, and the hatching time was not significantly affected by salinity （P 〉 0. 05 ）. Larvae could be hatched at the salinity from 20 to 50, but the hatching rate and abnormality rate were significantly affected by the changes of salinity. The suitable salinity for hatching was from 25 to 35, and the theoretical optimum salinity was from 28.5 to 30. 5. Small fertilized eggs were obtained at higher salinity, and the post-embryonic larvae hatched at higher salinity water had the smaller volume of yolk sac. The total length and height of larvae reduced significantly with increasing salinity, whereas the diameter of oil globule was not affected by seawater salinity.

关 键 词：条石鲷 盐度胁迫 胚胎 卵黄囊仔鱼 孵化率 畸形率 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]