刺参的趋光性以及对附着基颜色的感应行为  

Behavioral responses of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) to different light intensity and settlement substratum color.

作　　者：张辉[1,2] 王印庚[1] 荣小军[1] 曹善茂[2] 陈霞 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]大连水产学院,辽宁大连116023 [3]青岛九洋红水产科技有限公司,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第3期477-482,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2060302/2-201);山东省农业良种工程课题、国家“863”计划项目(2006AA100313);山东省科技发展计划资助项目(2004GG2205116)

摘　　要：为了探讨刺参的趋光特性和附着基颜色对其行为反应的影响,分别用平均趋光率(mean phototactic rate,MPR)和平均聚集率(mean attractive rate,MAR)统计分析了刺参在100、50、10、5和1lx共5档强度的光照和7种颜色的附着基(红色、灰色、黄色、蓝色、白色、黑色和绿色)下的行为反应差异。结果表明:在水平光场内,光源照度为100、50和10lx时,光照度较强区与光照度较低区之间的MPR均存在显著差异(P(0.05),而光源照度为5和1lx时,各区域之间的MPR无显著差异;不同颜色附着基实验时,刺参在黑暗和自然光照条件下,同种颜色附着基的MAR无显著差异(P>0.05);在相同光照条件下,黑色和灰色附着基的MAR明显优于其他颜色的附着基,与蓝色、黄色及不放置附着基的MAR差异极显著(P<0.01),不同颜色附着基的MAR由大到小排列为黑色>灰色>红色>绿色>白色>蓝色>黄色。表明刺参的趋光性随着光照强度的增加而减小,呈负趋光性;平均聚集率较高的3种颜色的附着基是黑色、灰色和红色。The behavioral responses of sea cucumber （Apostichopus japonicus） to different light intensity （100, 50, 10, 5, and 1 lx） and settlement substratum color （red, gray, yellow, blue, white, black, and green） were examined by mean phototactic rate （MPR） and mean attractive rate （MAR） methods. The results showed that the MPR was significantly different （ P 〈 0. 05 ） among strong light regions （100, 50, and 10 lx） （P 〈 0. 05 ）, but was not between weak ones （5 and 1 lx）. Under natural light and darkness, the MAR of same color settlement substrata had no significant difference ; while under the same light intensity, the MAR of black and grey settlement substrata was superior to that of the others, being significantly different with that of blue and yellow settlement substrata and of the control （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The attractive effect of different color settlement substrata was in the order of black 〉 gray 〉 red 〉 green 〉 white 〉 blue 〉 yellow. The above results suggested that the MPR of A. japonicus decreased with increasing light intensity, representing the photonegative response of the organism. Among the seven colors settlement substrata, the black, gray, and red ones had the higher MAR.

关 键 词：刺参 趋光特性 附着基 平均聚集率 行为生态学 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]