外源硅对黄瓜叶片组织结构和保水能力的影响  

Effects of exogenous silicon on leaf structure and water-holding capacity of cucumber plant.

作　　者：周秀杰[1,2] 赵红波[3] 马成仓[1] 李清芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学生物学系,天津300387 [2]淮北煤炭师范学院生命科学学院资源植物生物学安徽省重点实验室,安徽淮北235000 [3]淮北煤炭师范学院附中,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第3期556-559,共4页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2007CB106802);安徽省教育厅自然科学研究项目(2005kj194);资源植物生物学安徽省重点实验室资助项目

摘　　要：利用盆栽试验,研究了施硅(K2SiO3)对黄瓜叶片组织结构和保水能力的影响。结果表明:硅显著增加了黄瓜叶片的厚度(3.03%～4.08%)、表皮层厚度(3.53%～7.23%)、栅栏组织厚度(5.69%～11.52%)及叶片组织紧密度(2.59%～7.11%),降低了叶片比表面积(4.76%～7.14%),显著降低了叶片组织疏松度(2.26%～2.45%),减少了水分蒸腾(25.8%～27.6%),显著提高了叶片含水量(3.25%～3.62%);硅通过改变植株叶片结构而降低蒸腾、提高保水能力,这是硅增强黄瓜抗旱性的重要原因。A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of silicon （K2SiO3 ） supply on the leaf structure and water-holding capacity of cucumber plant. The results showed that silicon supply increased the leaf thickness by 3.03%-4.08% , epidermis thickness by 3.53%-7.23% , palisade tissue thickness by 5.69%--11.52%, and cell tense ratio by 2. 59%-7. 11% , and decreased the specific leaf surface area by 4. 76%--7. 14% and sponge ratio by 2. 26%-2. 45%. As a result, the leaf transpiration of cucumber plant decreased by 25.8%,27.6% , and the leaf water content increased by 3.25%--3.62%. By the alteration of cucumber leaf structure, silicon decreased the leaf transpiration while increased the leaf water-holding capacity, and thus, enhanced the drought resistance of cucumber plant.

关 键 词：硅 黄瓜植株 叶片组织结构 蒸腾速率 抗旱性 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]