西北地区自然植被净第一性生产力的空间分布  

Spatial distribution of net primary productivity of natural vegetation in the northwest China

作　　者：赵传燕[1] 程国栋[2] 邹松兵[2] 张永忠[2] 韩惠[3] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学干旱与草地农业生态教育部重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土实验室,兰州730000 [3]兰州交通大学数理与软件工程学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第1期42-49,55,共9页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40671067;40671167);中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰川学冻土学特殊学科点项目(J0630966)

摘　　要：植物净第一性生产力与全球碳平衡和碳扰动、全球土地利用变化、全球气候变化和粮食安全等有密切关系,成为表征陆地生态过程的关键参数.以西北地区211个气象站降水和≥0℃积温的30年观测数据为基础,以GIS为技术支撑,利用统计方程实现两大环境变量的空间化.联系植物生理生态学特点及水热平衡关系的综合模型对自然植被的净第一性生产力现状进行估算,结果表明西北地区NPP分布在0.51～8.00 t/(hm^2·a).其中:森林草原或草原NPP分布在4.68～8.00 t/(hm^2·a);干草原NPP分布在2.18～4.68 t/(hm^2·a);半荒漠、荒漠、沙漠或戈壁NPP分布在0.51～2.18 t/(hm^2·a).Net primary productivity is an important parameter, which is closely connected with global climate changes, global land use/cover, global carbon balance and cycle and safe food production. The distribution of NPP of natural vegetation in the northwest China was estimated with an integrated model based on ecophysiological features and the regional evapotranspiration model related to the water balance equation and heat balance equation. ≥0 ℃ annual average temperature and annual average precipitation are two main factors affecting NPP. The two factors were spatialized based on measured data in 211 stations in the study area. Generally, precipitation decreases from the southeast to the northwest. ≥0 ℃ annual average temperature showed the same trend as precipitation. It was markedly influenced by the landform. Some conclusions might be drawn from the study as follows： Spatially, NPP ranges from 0.51 to 8.00 t/（hm^2·a） in the northwest China, and within the extent, NPP of forest and steppe varies from 4.68 to 8.00 t/（hm^2·a）, NPP of grassland is from 2.18 to 4.68 t/（hm^2·a） and NPP in desert and gobi from 0.51 to 2.18 t/（hm^2·a）.

关 键 词：西北地区 植被净第一性生产力 全球变化 模型 地理信息系统 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]