煅烧温度和添加剂对提高煤矸石中氧化铝溶出率的实验研究  

Study on the effect of calcine temperature and additives on aluminum oxide extraction from coal gangue

作　　者：崔莉[1] 王东飞 张俊才 程芳琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学环境科学与工程研究中心,太原030006 [2]潞安矿业集团公司技术中心,长治046204

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2009年第3期539-543,共5页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAB24B01);山西潞安环能资助项目(2005潞安技字025)

摘　　要：煤矸石是煤炭在开采、洗选过程中产生的固体废弃物，其中二氧化硅、氧化铝和碳占到矸石总量的90％以上，又是一种可以利用的资源。实验以山西潞安煤矿的洗矸为原料，采用SEM、IR和XRD等分析测试手段对不同煅烧温度下的煤矸石进行微观形貌、化学键变化和矿物组成的分析研究，确定氧化铝的活化温度区间；并根据煤矸石的活化机理，选择提高氧化铝溶出率的添加剂。实验结果为：煤矸石中氧化铝的活化温度区间为600～850℃；酸浸过程中添加氟化钠可以打开煤矸石中的SiO2-Al2O3，使氧化铝溶出率达到90％以上，和通常条件下氧化铝的溶出率相比提高20％左右。本研究为煤矸石高值利用提取氧化铝提供了技术基础，也为粉煤灰等低铝含量矿物的开发利用提供借鉴。Coal gangue is industrial residue that is discharged when coal is excavated and washed in the production course of coal mine, and is one of industrial solid wastes with biggest discharge. Aluminum oxide （Al2O3 ） , silicon dioxide （SiO2 ） , carbon（C） account for more than 90% of coal gangue; so coal gangue can be used. In this paper, in order to explore the mechanism of coal gangue activation, scanning electronic microscope （SEM）,infrared （IR）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） measurement were used to systematically study calcined coal gangue at different temperatures. Additive which can promote Al2O3 extraction was gained. The experimental resuits show that coal gangue is activated being calcined at the temperature between 600℃ and 850 ℃. Alumina leaching rate reaches more than 90% with the additive of NaF. The alumina leaching rate is 20% higher than normal process. This study has a great significance on utilization of coal gangue resources, also provides reference for low aluminum mineral development and utilization.

关 键 词：煤矸石 氧化铝 煅烧温度 添加剂 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]