家兔“流行性腹胀病”的病因和防治研究初报  

A Preliminary Study on Etiopathogenisis and Prevention of Rabbit Epidemic Abdominal Distention

作　　者：林毅[1] 罗宜熟 谢晶[1] 李兴玉[1] 魏甬[1] 王文贵[1] 杨晓梅[1] 张先慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川畜牧科学研究院兽医研究所,成都610066 [2]成都新津金阳饲料有限公司,新津611430

出　　处：《中国养兔》2008年第11期27-30,共4页Chinese Journal of Rabbit Farming

摘　　要：对近3年四川发生的兔腹胀病的流行特点、临床症状、剖解病理变化、病因和防治进行了初步的研究。结果,该兔腹胀病主要引起断奶后至3月龄左右的兔发病,发病率一般在30%～60%,死亡率达90%以上,具有一定传染性和区域流行性。病兔出现明显腹胀,胃膨胀,胃内充满食物或水样稀薄的内容物,部分胃粘膜有黑色溃疡斑点,结肠内多充满白色胶冻样半透明状物。从69例病死兔中,分离到38株魏氏梭菌(55%)、13株大肠杆菌和2株沙门氏杆菌,大多数菌株都有致病力。添加霉菌毒素吸附剂或抗球虫药物不能有效控制该病,而使用恩拉霉素和蒽诺沙星可在1周内控制该病的发生。初步的研究结果表明:该病可能是一种细菌性传染病,其病原菌有可能是以魏氏梭菌为主,还有大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌等细菌,为单一或混合感染所致。The epidemic characteristic, clinical symptom, gross lesions, etiopathogenisis and treatment of rabbit epidemic abdominal distention have been studied for 3 years. The results showed that the disease occurred in rabbits from postweaning to 3 months of age. Morbidity was usually 30%-60% and Mortality reached 90% or more. This disease is infective and endemic. The affected rabbits appeared abdominal distension, gastric distension. The stomach was filled with food or water-like content, and there were black ulcer spots in gastric mucosa. The colon was filled with white, pasty and translucent content. From 69 dead rabbits, 38 strains of Clostridium perfringens （55%）, 13 strains of Escherichia coli and 2 strains of salmonella were isolated, and most of them were pathogenic. In controlling this disease, Mycotoxin adsorbent or eoccidiostat were not effective, but the use of Enduracidin and Enrofloxacin could control the development of the disease in one week. In conclusion, this disease might be bacteriogenous. The pathogen mainly was Clostridium perfringens, as well as Escherichia coli and salmonella.

关 键 词：兔 腹胀病 病因 防治 

分 类 号：S829.291[农业科学—畜牧学]