城市化进程中上海植被的多样性、空间格局和动态响应(Ⅲ)：高度城市化影响下上海中心城区杂草区系特征  

Diversity,spatial pattern and dynamics vegetation under urbanization in shanghai(Ⅲ):Flora of the ruderal in the urban area of Shanghai under the influence of rapid urbanization

作　　者：田志慧[1] 陈克霞[1,2] 达良俊[1] 古红梅[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学环境科学系上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复实验室,上海200062 [2]杭州广亩城市规划策划咨询有限公司,杭州310013 [3]周口师范学院生命科学系,河南周口466000

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第4期49-57,共9页Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30370255);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20050269015)

摘　　要：通过对上海中心城区城市杂草区系的调查,分析了高强度城市化影响下杂草的多样性状况,探讨了高异质性城市生境中杂草的适应特征.在所调查的260个杂草群落样方中,共出现杂草107种,隶属32科89属,其中禾本科和菊科两个多种科含种数最多,高比例的单种属表征了城市生境具有较高的异质性;在广适性杂草对城市生境普适性的基础上,生活周期短且适应性强是一年生杂草对高强度和高频度人为干扰生境的适应策略,城市干旱的特化生境提高了冬季一年生杂草的比例.Through investigating the flora of the ruderal in the urban area of Shanghai,this pa per analyzed the diversity of ruderal influenced by rapid urbanization,and studied the charateris tics of ruderal adapt to the urban habitats with high heterogeneity. In the investigated 260 quad rats of ruderal community, 107 species of ruderal were found belonged to 89 genera and 32 families. Gramineae and Compositae,the largest families, played a major role in these quadrats. High proportion of monotypic genus indicates that the heterogeneity of urban habitat is high. On the base of ruderal with wide adaptability adapting to urban habitat universally, the strategy of annu- al vegetation adapting to high strength and frequency man-made habitats is of short life cycle and strong adaptability. Special arid habitat in urban area increases the proportion of winter annual.

关 键 词：上海中心城区 杂草 区系 城市生境 异质性 

分 类 号：Q948.5[生物学—植物学]