尿道脱细胞基质修复兔尿道缺损的实验研究  

Urethral acellular matrix graft for repairing urethral defect in rabbits

作　　者：韩平[1] 宋超[1] 杨宇如[1] 魏强[1] 李虹[1] 王坤杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院泌尿外科,四川成都610041

出　　处：《南方医科大学学报》2009年第1期124-127,132,共5页Journal of Southern Medical University

摘　　要：目的制备兔尿道脱细胞基质(UAMG),检测其生物相容性,并探讨其修复兔尿道缺损的效果。方法制备兔UAMG,光镜和扫描电镜下观察其结构特点。将体外培养的兔膀胱平滑肌细胞与UAMG体外复合培养,观察细胞在材料表面的生长增殖情况。MTT法检测UAMG材料浸提液对膀胱平滑肌细胞的细胞毒性。将UAMG植入兔背部皮下检测其生物相容性。取24只雄兔,随机分为实验组(n=12)和对照组(n=12)。实验组手术切除2cm尿道缺损,应用UAMG修复;对照组切除2cm尿道缺损后即关闭切口依靠尿道自体组织再生修复缺损。实验兔分别在术后2、4、8、12周取材,进行组织学和免疫组织化学检测。结果兔UAMG为胶原纤维网状结构,无细胞残留。兔膀胱平滑肌细胞能够在UAMG表面正常生长,细胞形态良好。UAMG材料细胞毒性分级为0级或1级,皮下植入实验中动物无异常反应,材料能在体内逐渐降解,生物相容性好。UAMG修复兔尿道缺损后12周,修复区再生出结构完整的新尿道组织,与正常兔尿道组织近似。结论UAMG具有良好的生物相容性,能够诱导尿道上皮细胞和平滑肌细胞再生,可以作为尿道修复重建的替代材料。Objective To assess the biocompatibility of a urethral acellular matrix graft （UAMG） and evaluate its effect in repairing urethral defect in rabbit models. Methods The UAMG was prepared and its structural features were observed using optical and electron microscopy. In vitro cultured rabbit bladder smooth muscle cells were seeded on UAMG and the cell proliferation was observed. The cytotoxicity of the aqueous extract of the UAMG against the cells was evaluated by MTT assay, and its biocompatibility was assessed by implanting the grafts subcutaneously on the back of the rabbits. In 24 male rabbits, a 2-cm urethral defect was induced and repaired with UAMG （experimental group, n=12） or left untreated （control group, n=12）. In both groups, the rabbits were sacrificed 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after the operation for histological and immunohistochemical examination of the tissue regeneration. Results The UAMG had a reticular fibrous structure without cell residues. The bladder smooth muscle cells showed normal proliferation on UAMG with normal cell morphology. The rabbits receiving the implants showed no abnormal response, and the UAMGs gradually degraded in vivo with grade 0 or 1 eytotoxcity showing satisfactory cytocompatibility. In the experimental group, new urethral tissues that were histologically compatible with normal urethral tissues were regenerated in the defect area 12 weeks after UAMG implantation. Conclusion As a tissue engineered scaffold material for urethral reconstruction, the UAMG possesses good biocompatibility and can induce the regeneration of urethral epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells.

关 键 词：尿道 脱细胞基质 生物相容性 组织工程 

分 类 号：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程] R699[医药卫生—基础医学]