冷锋云系降水中尺度结构的一次TRMM卫星观测和特征分析  

Characteristic Analysis on Mesoscale Structure of a Cold Front Cloud System Based on TRMM Observations

作　　者：赵姝慧[1] 周毓荃[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,江苏南京210044 [2]中国气象局国家气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《南京气象学院学报》2009年第1期100-107,共8页Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAC12B07)

摘　　要：利用TRMM（the tropical rainfall measuring mission）卫星资料,对一次低槽冷锋云系和江淮气旋共同影响下的冷锋积层混合云系中雨带和雨核的特征进行了分析,研究表明,冷锋的不同部位云系结构很不均匀,可分为典型的积层混合云系、均匀的层状云系和弱的积层混合云系3种类型,南部典型的积层混合性云系中存在明显的短回波带结构,短回波带的平均长度63.0 km,宽度19.4 km,平均降雨率14.54 mm/h,同时短回波带中还有明显的雨核特征;北部均匀的层状云系中,大范围的降水在1～2 mm/h之间,其中嵌有2～7 mm/h大小不等的较强降雨带,并且存在冷锋雨带结构;中部较弱的积层混合云系中以冷锋雨带和冷锋前的暖区雨带为主,冷锋雨带上有多个雨核的结构;同时,不同性质的云系结构如短回波带、雨核以及均匀的层状云的降水的垂直廓线表现为不同的特点。Characteristics of rain belts and precipitation cores in a mixed stratiform and convective clouds system（ MSCCS ）, which was affected by a low trough-cold front and a Jianghuai cyclone, are studied in this paper based on TRMM （the tropical rainfall measuring mission） satellite data. The results show that the cloud structure in different parts of the cold front was very inhomogeneous ; the clouds can be sorted into three types, i. e. typical MSCCS, homogeneous stratus and weak MSCCS. In the typical MSCCS over the south of Henan there were many short echo band structures （ embeded with many precipitation cores） ,with an average length about 63.0 km,a width about 19.4 km and an average rainfall rate of 14.54 mm/h. In the homogeneous stratus over the north of Henan, the precipitation rate ranged generally from 1 to 2 mm/h, with the stronger rate of 2 to 7 mm/h in some embeded rainbands, showing a clod-front rainband structure. In the weak MSCCS over the middle part of Henan, cold-front rainbands and warm-sector rainbands dominated, and the cold-front rainbands were embeded with many precipitation core structures. Meanwhile, the vertical profiles of precipitation rete show different charecters in cloud areas of different properties,i, e. short echo band, precipitation core and stratus areas.

关 键 词：TRMM卫星 雨带 雨核 中尺度结构 

分 类 号：P412.27[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]