南川升麻种子休眠与萌发的研究  

SEED DORMANCY AND GERMINATION IN CIMICIFUGA NANCHUANENSIS 

作　　者：符近[1,2] 奇文清[1,2] 顾增辉 尤瑞麟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学生命科学学院 [2]中国科学院植物研究所

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》1998年第4期303-308,共6页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"八五"重大项目

摘　　要：南川升麻（ＣｉｍｉｃｉｆｕｇａｎａｎｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓＨｓｉａｏ）的种子自然脱落时尚处于球形胚发育阶段，需要长时间的越冬过程才能完成胚的后熟。室内采用低温湿润或不同浓度的ＧＡ３处理，可以不同程度地加快其胚的后熟过程。休眠种子用０．１ｇ／ＬＧＡ３处理１周后，在低温（１～５℃）湿润条件下存放约９０ｄ，萌发率可达到７０％以上。Seed anatomy, dormancy breakage, the temperature effect to seed germination and seed life span of Cimicifuga nanchuanensis Hsiao were studied and the endangerment of this plant in association to these biological characteristics was explored. The embryos were at the globular stage at the time of seed shedding in late November. Low temperature and humid conditions or treatment with exogenous GA 3 stimulated the development of embryos and sped up the process of seed germination. The optimum temperature of germination was 20 ℃, but the seeds almost lost their viability after 9 months of storage. Nevertheless, in its natural habitation, the seeds could not acquire enough environmental humidity to accomplish their after ripening during the dry and cold winter from late November to the following March; after then the temperature in the spring (averaged 10.1 ℃ in April and May) was much lower than 20 ℃ or so which is favorable for seed germination. Moreover, the testa could not provide adequate protection for the embryos and the short life span of the seeds prevents their survival until the next germination. Therefore it seems reasonable to infer that the unfavorable environmental condition during the process of after ripening until seed maturation is involved in the cause of endangerment of this plant species.

关 键 词：南川升麻 种子休眠 萌发 濒危植物 毛莨科 

分 类 号：Q945.3[生物学—植物学] Q949.746.5