北京地区麦二叉蚜生物型鉴定研究初报  

A NEW BIOTYPE (CHN1) OF GREENBUG, SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM FOUND IN BEIJING

作　　者：刘旭明[1] 金达生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物品种资源研究所

出　　处：《昆虫学报》1998年第2期141-144,共4页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"九五"攻关课题

摘　　要：根据小麦苗期１～６级蚜害分级标准，１９９６年～１９９７年利用国际通用的生物型鉴别寄主（品种）对北京地区麦二叉蚜种群进行了生物型鉴定。各鉴别品种的蚜害反应型分级是：小麦ＤＳ２８Ａ（ｇｂ１）为６，Ａｍｉｇｏ（Ｇｂ２）为１，Ｌａｒｇｏ（Ｇｂ３）为２，ＣＩ１７９５９（Ｇｂ４）为６，ＣＩ１７８８２（Ｇｂ５）为３，ＧＲＳ１２０１（Ｇｂ６）为３．５，燕麦ＣＩ１５８０为１，黑麦Ｉｎｓａｖｅ为１。结果表明，北京麦二叉蚜的致害性显著地不同于１０个已知的生物型（从Ａ到Ｊ），是一新的生物型，命名为中国１型（ＢｉｏｔｙｐｅＣＨＮ－１）。此外，针对麦二叉蚜生物型分化问题，对小麦抗蚜育种中的品种抗性持久化与累积抗性品种的培育，以及分子标记辅助育种技术的应用等策略进行了探讨。Greenbug Schizaphis graminum is an equally important pest of wheat in China as it is in the United States. The occurrence of greenbug biotypes is welldocumented and ten biotypes (from A to J) have been identified in USA. However, the biotype study of greenbug in China is still very rare by now. The objectives of this study are:(1) to characterize the virulence of greenbug in Beijing area, and (2) to determine whether the Beijing biotype is different from the previously reported ones. As a set of standard differential hosts, major plant sources of greenbug resistance were evaluated against field collections of Beijing greenbug between 1996 and 1997, and seedling plant damage was rated on a 1 to 6 scale, where 1=no damage, and 6=dead plant. The patterns of aphidfeeding damage on differential hosts were rated as: Wheat DS 28A(gb1)=6,Amigo(Gb2)=1,Largo(Gb3)=2,CI17959(Gb4)=6,CI17882(Gb5)=3,GRS1201(Gb6)=35,Oats CI1580=1,and Rye Insave=1. Compared with damage patterns caused by any previously described biotypes, Beijing greenbug population is revealed clearly to be a new biotype, and is hereby designated as biotype CHN1.

关 键 词：麦二叉蚜 生物型 小麦 抗蚜性 

分 类 号：S435.122.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]