桂林唇柱苣苔传粉生物学及生殖配置研究  

Pollination Biology and Reproductive Allocation of Chirita gueilinensis(Gesneriaceae)

作　　者：蒲高忠[1] 潘玉梅[1] 唐赛春[1] 韦春强[1,2] 陈秋霞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,桂林541006 [2]广西师范大学生命科学学院,桂林541004

出　　处：《植物研究》2009年第2期169-175,共7页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：广西青年基金项目(桂科青0542031)

摘　　要：对桂林唇柱苣苔在不同生境下(YZ居群,半野生,林下裸露岩石上;DB居群,洞穴岩石上)的生殖生态学进行了比较研究。结果表明:(1)桂林唇柱苣苔的花期为2月下旬至4月中旬,受环境因素的影响,单花期在DB居群(16～24d)明显长于YZ居群(10～17d);(2)两个居群的P/O比差异显著,花粉量比胚珠量有更明显的变化,这可能与其生境有关;(3)桂林唇柱苣苔属于兼性异交系统,不存在无融合生殖现象;(4)传粉和种子后熟阶段均存在限制,致使各种处理的结实率均处在较低的水平(<45%);(5)白颊尤垫蜂与小蜂类(DB居群)或蜜蜂(YZ居群)为桂林唇柱苣苔较为稳定的传粉者;(6)桂林唇柱苣苔植株个体越大,花期繁殖投入就越高,繁殖分配越低;(7)与DB居群相比,YZ居群可利用资源较为丰富、植株生物量较大,因此其花期投入繁殖也较高,而DB居群将更多的资源分配给营养器官,从而提高了对资源获取能力。We investigated the reproductive ecology of Chirita gueilinensis in different habitats populations （ YZ population, semi-wild, at the sunny cracks and crevices of calcareous rocks with little soil; DB population, at the rupicolous in a cave）. Our results indicated that： （1）Flowering took place from late February to middle April, and anthesis of a single flower lasted 10 - 17 days in YZ population and 16 -24 days in DB population depending on environmental conditions. （2）The pollen-ovule ratio（P/O） is different in the two populations, and we noted larger variation in pollen than ovule production, which may be related to habitats. （3）Breeding experiments showed that C. gueilinensis is facultative xenogamy by insects and no agamospermy. （4）There were limitations both in pollination and ripening of seeds, which resulted in a low seed-setting ratio （ 〈 45% ） for all artificial treatments and natural pollination. （5） Chalcididae sp. and Amegilla albigena （Lepeletier） （ DB population） or Apis cerana Fabricius （YZ population） were main pollinators of C. gueilinensis. （6）The reproductive investment per plant increased but the reproductive allocation decreased with increased individual size. （7）Plants in YZ popu- lation obtained more available resources from environment and greater reproductive investment than plants in DB population,this indicated that reproductive investment was relatively favored by plants from YZ population,whereas vegetative propagation was favored by plants from DB population to obtain more resources from the environment.

关 键 词：桂林唇柱苣苔 传粉 生殖配置 生殖分配 生殖生态学 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]